從法制學視角探討軍人受不適服現役退伍處分

Discussing the Punishment of Soldiers Being Unfit and Retired from Active Service from the Perspective of Rule by Law

匡廣進(Guang-Jing Kuang) ； 劉育偉(Yu-Wei Liu) ； 張筵儀(Yan-Yi Chang)

《中華行政學報》 29期 (2021/12) Pp. 53-68

https://doi.org/10.6712/JCPA.202112_(29).0004

摘要

為達成國防轉型，同時為淨化國軍人力素質，提升部隊戰力，政府訂定相關法令以遏止違法犯紀官兵，同時採取「嚴考核、嚴淘汰」政策，以嚴肅國軍軍紀。是以，現役軍人發生違失行為，認為有施以不適服現役退伍為適當者，則辦理該處分；由於對於軍人任職、服役、考績（評）及救濟上影響其工作權與身分權甚鉅；除此之外，在法制層面亦有程序上法院審查密度、正當法律程序之爭議，實體上亦有單一過犯認定與是否符合比例及平等原則之疑義，本文以行政法院判決為論辯樣本，就法制角度如何在法治要求及領導統御兩全之前提下，建構符合人權之法治國溫暖環境，以臻法律之周延性。

關鍵字

法制 ； 不適服現役 ； 退伍 ； 汰除 ； 考績

並列摘要

In order to achieve the transformation of national defense, while purifying the manpower quality of the national army, and enhancing the combat effectiveness of the army, the government has formulated relevant laws and decrees to deter illegal officers and soldiers. At the same time, it adopts a policy of ＂strict assessment and strict elimination＂ to strictly enforce military discipline. Therefore, if an active serviceman commits a misconduct and believes that a veteran who is not suitable for active service has been imposed, he shall be punished. As for the service, performance appraisal and relief of military personnel, their right to work and status are very significant. In addition, at the level of rule by law, there are also procedural disputes about court review density and Due Process of Law. In substance, it also has a dispute over whether a single offense is determined and whether it conforms to the principle of proportionality and equality. This article uses the administrative court's decision as a discussion sample, from the perspective of rule by law, how to establish a warm environment that complies with human rights under the premise of both the requirements of rule of law and the commander in chief power in order to ensure the integrity of the law.

並列關鍵字

Rule by Law ； Unfit for Active Duty ； Retirement ； Elimination ； Performance Appraisal

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