國際公法的跨領域觀點與其展望：從國際私法中的國際公法議題出發

Cross-Disciplinary Public International Law: Towards the Confluence Issues of the Public and Private International Law

黃居正(Chu-Cheng Huang)

《臺大法學論叢》 40卷S期 (2011/10) Pp. 1551-1593

https://doi.org/10.6199/NTULJ.2011.40.SP.04

摘要

國際私法發軔之時，幾乎也正是這種以國族國家為主體的國際公法開始發達之時。國際私法發生或存在的理由可以見證這個國際公私法交錯的時空條件。而也由於國際私法本身在學說發展速度上過度領先於實踐經驗，使得涉外事件的規範原則中，必然出現不少借用或演繹自國際公法的論題。然而，由於我國國際地位特殊，連帶影響了國際公法之發展以及法院審判涉外事件之數量，使得這種共同論題在過去的學術與實踐中都沒有被具體呈現出來。不過新涉外法在人的權利能力、非地域性衝突、時間衝突、即刻適用法，甚至國際裁判管轄等問題上，都有了相當規模的增修或改變，過去所採取的概念式、欠缺橫向連結與系統化的補充性法源，恐怕已無法滿足解決這些共同論題的需求。本文因此嘗試以數個明顯與國際公法相關連的國際私法論題為範圍，提出可能進行橫向連結與建立系統化知識的一些想法，希冀能引發對這些必然交會論題的進一步討論，一方面合理化逐漸成形的國際私法程序，一方面能實用化未來國際公法研究的內容，並藉此檢視在新涉外法施行後，對於國際私法與國際公法之交會地帶的解釋原則，是否有所改變。

關鍵字

國際公法 ； 國際私法 ； 共同命題 ； 時間上之衝突 ； 即刻適用法 ； 國際裁判管轄權

並列摘要

The initiation of modern private international law is at about the same time with the saturation of the Nation-State oriented public international law. Certain confluence issues of each other evidenced this historical context. With the advance of theories than judicial practice in the sphere of private international law, borrowing and re-contemplation of the thesis of public international law for the former become inevitable, which makes the thesis of public international law a necessary cogent section of private international law. However, these confluence issues are rarely discussed in local reference due to the very limited judicial practice. With the newly introduced amended Act for the Applicable Laws for the Civil Legal Relations with Foreign Elements and its innovative rules pertaining to the crosscuts such as the civil capacity, non-territorial conflict, inter-temporal conflict, les lois des police, and international jurisdiction, interpretation and application can no longer be conducted coherently without referring to the confluence thesis. Systemized and supplemental thinking close connected with public international law is therefore needed. This article is intending to deplore certain workable formulae, from the perspective of public international law, as a foundation to initiate the requisite new rules, as well as to further rationalize the process of private international law.

並列關鍵字

public international law ； private international law ； confluence issues ； inter-temporal conflict ； les lois des police ； international judicial jurisdiction