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台灣刑法學的思索:四十年來台灣刑法學發展的回顧

Deliberations on Taiwan's Criminal Law Study

摘要


台灣刑法學這四十年來的發展,靠著新知識與新思潮源源不斷地輸入而成長。特別是在1990年以後,刑法學領域的著述量大幅提昇,到今天正呈現一幅活力充沛的景象。台灣刑法學向來是一種繼受刑法學。在這個繼受模式下,外來刑法知識的轉錄與摩寫成為我們最大宗的生產工作。當然,對一個後進國家而言,知識的轉錄與摩寫勢不可免,而且這麼做也節省了許多從頭走起的時間和力氣。不過,刑法學的任務,最終還是在影響一個社會如何決定刑法與人的關係。所以,我們不能不問,這四十年來,參與在台灣刑法學裡的人們,究竟是以什麼樣想法在構築著刑法與人的關係,構築著刑法的知識系統?我們一路以來見證了德國刑法學的演變過程,應該很早就能體認到,這個知識系統裡的種種意見並不當然都是嚴密思考下的結果。它們可能不明確、雙重標準,也可能流於武斷、層次混淆或犯下邏輯謬誤。然而,在我們繼受德國刑法學的過程中,我們經常過早地放棄提問。這種盲目的跟隨曾經使我們陷於難以自處的窘境。最典型的例子就是因果關係理論的選擇。說到底,刑法學價值的核心,並不在新知的累積,而在於追求刑法與人的關係,以及刑法知識本身的合理化。這個目標的達成,無論是對哪一個國家而言,都是依靠努力不懈的思考工作。而思考活動的前提,是要有思考地主體的存在;體現思考主體性的途徑,則是發問,是批判。本文認為,台灣刑法學至今普遍的現象,便是缺乏做為思考主體與知識主體的自信,以及向權威提問的勇氣。

並列摘要


Over the past forty years, Taiwan's criminal law has experienced a significant development in the academic field, especially after 1990. This development relies on constantly hard work of transferring new ideas and knowledge from foreign countries, mainly from German. However, the core mission of academics in criminal law is not to compile or transplant new knowledge or theories. Rather, it is to search for a reasonable relationship between the criminal law and the people living in this society and to make criminal law itself reasonable. To do that, the academia of Taiwan's criminal law should find its own identity. We should dare to questions the knowledge and theories that we learn from others, and never give up the pursuit too soon like we did before. We should keep aware that the foreign models that we look after make mistakes too. In fact, they probably keep making mistakes today. Since we, rather than the foreign scholars, are the one who actually influence the construction of our criminal law, and therefore are responsible for the final results, we are the one who are responsible to think-critically and independently.

被引用紀錄


董瑜(2015)。當代過失犯理論的反省-以人的形象為中心〔碩士論文,中原大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6840/cycu201500749
白禮維(2012)。從過失犯理論發展論過失概念及其標準〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2012.03081

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