原日本臺灣總督府專賣局臺東出張所官舍的歷史脈絡與建築特色探討

日本在大正年間設置臺灣總督府專賣局臺東出張所，而後在昭和年間規劃興建位於臺東街榮町的專賣局臺東出張所官舍，位在臺東縣兒童故事館現址上的文化館是專賣局臺東出張所所長的官舍，為甲種判任官的官舍等級，於西元1937年完工；另一棟圖書館則是專賣局臺東出張所的單身官舍，在西元1938年完工，至於圖書館增建的部分，則是在西元1941年完工。以構造系統而言，專賣局臺東出張所官舍建築群為柱樑承重系統的磚木造結構，是以屋架、柱樑構架、木地檻格網等三個部份為主要構架，再以天花板、牆板及木地板等作裝修。特色為具有斜屋頂、簷廊、雨淋板及架高木地板的構造，以適應熱帶氣候。文化館與圖書館所使用的木材，包括臺灣紅檜、臺灣扁柏、柳杉、臺灣五葉松及福建柏等。屋頂木構架如屋樑、屋束、軒樑等大木構件使用柳杉木材，其他的雨淋板、屋面板也發現使用柳杉，這些柳杉木材多進口自日本。臺灣高山貴重林木，例如臺灣紅檜與扁柏則被用在文化館與圖書館的室內木柱、木門、窗框等要求紋理、美觀、香氣及耐蟲蟻等的場合中。

關鍵字

專賣局；臺東出張所；官舍建築

並列摘要

In recent years, the number of newly built farmhouses surged in Lanyang Plain due to interactions between multiple and complex factors. In turn, the surge led to the fragmentation and loss of farmland. Calls to make farmhouse construction regulations stricter ensued: new farmers who support environmentally friendly agriculture but were adversely affected by the farmhouse surge entered into self-organized collective actions with government officials and local community networks that emphasized the ＂Yilan Experience＂ and ＂Yilan Values.＂ The collaborative action slowed down farmland deterioration to a certain degree. In response, however, various stakeholders also resorted to self-organization and mobilization of social networks to loosen regulations, resulting in policy change continuously in a short time, and governance conflicts. This case study found that positive governance experiences and sustainability-friendly values contribute to that social system self-organization to protect the environment during crises, governance conflicts from competing interests and values are also prevalent, for they emanate from environmental governance and increase governance difficulties. So environmental governance participants should focus on the unpredictability of governance results, policy and regulation instabilities, and the need for governance actors to establish new governance mindset that underpins a system of governance that could navigate protean governance landscapes while maintaining sustainable governance measures and functions. This study also found that facing governance conflict both local communities and local governments have influenced or developed policies to slow the impact of central policy, and have the capacity to influence upper governance systems positively；instead, the central governance systems also exercise a positive influence on Yilan farmlands regulation. All levels of institutions served as mutual buffers and played complementary roles during different periods, indicating that multi-level governance buttresses governance systems' adaptational capacity to confront change.