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Taxonomy of Hemiphaedusa similaris Adams, 1867 (Gastropoda: Clausiliidae) from southern Taiwan

南台灣產白口煙管蝸(腹足綱:煙管蝸科)的分類學

摘要


白口煙管蝸(Hemiphaedusa similaris Adams, 1867)廣泛分佈於台灣南部,過去曾經有三個種下名稱被描述過,即屏東滿州港口的膨腹煙管蝸(Clausilia (Hemiphaedusa) similaris var. ventriosa Schamcker & Boettger,1891)、高雄的棒形煙管蝸(Clausilia (Hemiphaedusa) similaris var. clavaSchamcker & Boettger, 1891)與屏東墾丁的紫色煙管蝸(Hemiphaedusasimilaris nigra Chang, 1990)。由於這一個類群的殼形變異很大,加上在白口煙管蝸的原始描述中產地不精確,以及後續研究者的錯誤解釋,使得這些種群名稱的分類模糊不清。本研究比較了上述四個類群的模式標本,並與新採集的材料比較。因為白口煙管蝸的模式標本與從現今壽山採集的材料之間有高度的相似性,我們認為白口煙管蝸的模式產地最可能是1860年代,Swinhoe採集時的「打狗」,亦即現在的高雄港口的南壽山到旗津一帶,而棒形煙管蝸是它的同物異名。由於膨腹煙管蝸具有紡錘形的外殼、較少的螺層數、更小的外殼和更寬的上方螺塔,因此將它提昇為一個獨立的物種。紫色煙管蝸由於殼的形態和地理上相近於膨腹煙管蝸,因此本研究將其處理為膨腹煙管蝸的同物異名。由於分佈於恆春半島的膨腹煙管蝸殼形變異頗大,有棒狀和紡錘形兩種外型,而且觀察到在少數地點有同域現象或是中間型,因此這兩型的親緣地理學和分類學仍然有待更詳盡的分析。

並列摘要


Hemiphaedusa similaris (Adams, 1867) is distributed in southern Taiwan. Three infraspecific names have been described, i.e. Clausilia (Hemiphaedusa) similaris var. ventriosa Schmacker & Boettger, 1891 from Kankow, Clausilia (Hemiphaedusa) similaris var. clava Schmacker & Boettger, 1891 from Takao and Hemiphaedusa similaris nigra Chang, 1990 from Kenting. Because of the inexact type locality in the original description and misinterpretations by subsequent authors, the taxonomy of these species group names is unclear. The type specimens and new materials of the four taxa were collected and compared in the present study. The present author consider that the type locality of H. similaris may be around Takao of 1860s, nowadays S. Shoushan to Cijin area, because of the high similarity between type specimens and new collected materials from this area. Clausilia s. var. clava is a synonym of H. similaris. Hemiphaedusa ventriosa is an independent species due to fusiform shell, fewer numbers of whorls, smaller shell and wider upper spire than H. similaris. Hemiphaedusa s. nigra is a synonym of H. ventriosa because of the similarity of shell morphology and geographical affinity. Owing to the sympatry and intermediated form of claviform and fusiform of H. ventriosa were observed at a few locations, the phylogeography and taxonomy between the two forms remain unclear.

並列關鍵字

Clausiliidae Hemiphaedusa similaris ventriosa clava nigra taxonomy

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