- 期刊
臺灣月桃的民族植物利用
Ethnobotanical Utilizations of Alpinia zerumbet in Taiwan
摘要
月桃（Alpinia zerumbet（Pers.）B. L. Burtt and R. M. Smith），亦稱為玉桃、艷山薑，為薑科月桃屬植物，原生分布於亞洲泛熱帶地區，包括印度半島、中南半島、東印度群島、中國南部、日本琉球、小笠原群島、及臺灣等地。月桃不論是根、假莖（由葉鞘緊密包合而成）、葉、花到果實全株皆可使用，在臺灣的族群之間更有著多樣的利用方式。本文針對臺灣地區不同族群對於月桃的稱呼、使用的部位，及用途方法進行蒐集比較。結果顯示比較臺灣各族群間對於月桃的稱呼，噶哈巫族語所稱的basiau與泛泰雅各族的稱呼：busyan（泰雅語）、busiyo（賽德克語）、busyau（太魯閣語）；以及阿美語的lengac、卑南語的rengas、達悟語的azngas，此兩群的命名語言最接近。不同的族群間對於月桃的分類略有差異，以魯凱族、卑南族針對其分布地、海拔高度、假莖和葉鞘的顏色、纖維韌性、編織適性的分類最細。其用途則歸納出飲食、編織、醫藥、祭儀、衣飾、娛樂等用途方法，其中以編織與飲食為其最主要用途。本研究搜尋歸納現有各族群，其中以排灣、魯凱、阿美及泰雅族對月桃有較高利用比例。
並列摘要
The Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B. L. Burtt and R. M. Smith, commonly known as Shell-ginger, is a species of Zingiberaceae native to Taiwan and Tropical Asia. With its various usages by different tribes in Taiwan, the whole plant is usable including its rhizome root, pseudostem (the tightly packed overlapping leaf sheaths), flower, and fruit. Thus, different names, use parts, and usages of by tribes are collected and compared A. zerumbet in this survey. For the name of A. zerumbet, it shows two groups of linguistic similarity: the first group consists of Kaxabu (A. zerumbet is called basiau) and Pan-Atayal (busyan in Atayal, busiyo in Seediq, busyau in Truku), and the second group consists of Amis (lengac), Pinuyumayan (rengas) and Tao (azngas). Furthermore, systems of classification of A. zerumbet by tribes are somewhat different. Between them, people of Rukai and Pinuyumayan use a more detailed classification by area and altitude of distribution, color of pseudostem and leaf sheath, fiber strength, and weaving suitability. Moreover, the surveyed usages can be grouped into diet, weaving, medicine, ritual, clothing and decoration, entertainment, and other purposes with weaving and diet being the major usage. Overall, people of Paiwan, Rukai, Amis and Atayal have a higher utilization of A. zerumbet in this survey.