《聊齋誌異．黃英》在日流播：文本改寫與文化傳釋

在《聊齋誌異》傳世多年的接受之鏈中，積累了豐富的閱讀回響，異國讀者不計其數；尤以東傳日本二百年所衍生的「次生文學」，堪稱流佈緜遠。本文以《聊齋誌異•黃英》為例，探研〈黃英〉在日歷經改編、評論之後所開展的多元意涵及異質新貌。論文首先剖析〈黃英〉全篇意蘊，涵括菊花花精「異體合構」的雙重身份、馬生與陶生的東籬／市井之辨、馬生與黃英的衝突分合，以及馬生的轉變歷程。進而據以比較文本東傳之後，在異國文化語境之中如何被重塑與詮釋。以日本作家太宰治改寫〈黃英〉之〈清貧譚〉為主軸，探究文本傳播過程中，其意義的轉化與重構，析論太宰治此文所引發日本學界的後續對話：論者或比較〈黃英〉與〈清貧譚〉的異同；或剖析改寫者太宰治所處時代的社會脈動、權力結構；或研探新編文本如何展現個人的生命情識、家國情懷。藉由〈黃英〉在日所衍發的多音交融，綜論經典在不同時空中的傳播與重生，抉發文本詮釋的異質化及多樣化，因此兼有重讀傳統典籍與轉探異國新學的雙重意義。

關鍵字

《聊齋誌異．黃英》；陶淵明；菊花；太宰治〈清貧譚〉；詮釋

並列摘要

The Strange Stories from the Liao Studio has received numerous responses from domestic and foreign readers during its transmission. It is especially influential in Japan, where a new kind of literature is derived from it after its arrival two hundred years ago. The present paper explores Japan's adaptations and commentaries of the story in the Strange Stories ＂Huang Ying.＂ First analyzed are its key parts, including the homology of the chrysanthemum fairy's dual identity, Ma and Tao's debate of hermitage and market place, and Ma's changing process. Then a text comparison will illustrate how the source text is re-shaped and interpreted in a foreign country. Based on ＂A Tale of Honorable Poverty,＂ Japanese writer Osamu Dazai's rewrite of ＂Huang Ying,＂ this paper will show how a literary text is reconstructed in the process of dissemination. It compares ＂Huang Ying＂ and ＂A Tale of Honorable Poverty,＂ analyzes the social context and power structure where Dazai is situated, and explores how a rewritten text shows an individual's attitude towards his life and his community. The Japanese version of ＂Huang Ying＂ marks the rebirth of a literary classic in the process of transmission, indicates the heterogeneity and diversity of text interpretation, and represents literary creation and rereading of classics.