- 期刊
台灣天然氣產業的現況及展望
Current Status and Outlook of Taiwan Natural Gas Industry
摘要
台灣正在積極推動非核家園能源轉型政策，依政府規劃未來燃氣、燃煤及再生能源發電配比為5：3：2，未來電力穩定供應，天然氣將扮演關鍵性角色，依據經濟部能源局預測，114年國內天然氣整體需求將達到2291萬噸，119年達到2542萬噸，較106年LNG實際進口量1651萬噸將分別增加640、891萬噸。最近幾年為解決空污問題，台電以提高燃氣電廠容量因素做為因應，天然氣使用量因此快速增加，目前進口量已接近甚至超過台灣中油既有天然氣供應系統規劃供應能力。面對未來國內天然氣仍將持續增加，以及目前設備利用率接近滿載情況，包括台灣中油及台電公司已經規劃推動北、中、南天然氣卸收、儲存氣化及輸送等基礎設施投資計畫，完成後可以分區就近供氣，降低設備利用率，提升相互備援能力，以充分穩定供應新增天然氣需求。天然氣為相對潔淨能源，政府及全球很多國家都視為解決空污問題過渡性替代能源，因此積極推廣天然氣之使用，近幾年中國大量進口LNG即為解決大陸冬季期間空汚問題。台灣為增加進口LNG必須配合興建接收港站、儲槽及氣化等設施，卻面臨與環保及生態保護衝突之矛盾現象，加上不同法令規定間之競合問題，都會影響計畫之推動。展望台灣天然氣產業未來仍有很大發展空間，國際上LNG生產製造能力大致能夠維持一定程度平衡穩定，雖然時時可能面臨困難及挑戰，但整體仍將有利於天然氣產業之發展。
並列摘要
Taiwan has announced the New Energy Policy, which is aimed at phasing out nuclear energy and increasing the share of natural gas in electricity generation to 50%. Natural Gas plays a key role in the New Energy Policy. According to estimate by Bureau of Energy, MOEA, total demand of natural gas in Taiwan will reach 22.91 MTPA in 2025 and 25.42 MTPA in 2030. It's an increase of 6.4 MT and 8.91 MT respectively comparing to the LNG import in 2017. For the past years, Taipower has increased capacity factor of gas-fired power plant in order to mitigate air pollution and to reduce CO2 emission which caused surges in natural gas demand. As a result, the utilization rate of CPC's both LNG terminals has exceeded 100%, the highest in the world LNG industry. Facing the future surge in LNG demand, both CPC and Taipower have set out invest plans for building new or expansions of existing LNG receiving terminals to increase the capacities of natural gas supply systems. After the completion of all the invest plans, the total handling capacity will reach 30 MTPA by 2028. The utilization rate can be lowered to below 70%. Owing to government energy policy, the outlook of Taiwan's natural gas industry is bright but not without challenge which requires the guidance of government and cooperation of all industry plyers to ensure the success of the industry.