《考工記》禮制初探

本文先考「冬官」、「司空」二者關係，以為「司空」即為《周禮》「冬官」之屬長，統領其下六十職。然有「〈司空〉篇亡」，以《考工記》補之，而筆者以為《考工記》與《周禮》二書是否以其精神或系統上之一致，始至相補？故先行考察《周禮》、《考工記》成書年代，以較其二者關係；其中主要舉郭沫若、錢穆之言，以為二者成於戰國時代，然《考工記》者成書國別則有二說；後回歸原典，以阮元校刊之《周禮》為版本，參看其中鄭玄、賈公彥注疏及孫詒讓正義，以考二書之文有類同或異別者，而明中國現存第一本手工業技術文獻其中所呈現的禮器制度，多與周禮它篇為同。故知其雖以工藝技術紀錄為主，實表現出同於《周禮》所載之禮制等級觀念。從而論定《周禮．冬官》之失，以《考工記》補之，乃因二者精神與內容實相通也，且《考工記》當為戰國齊之稷下所作，而《周禮》一書之禮樂系統有與前者相同者，以為《周禮》亦當出自齊人之手。

關鍵字

周官；考工記；禮制

並列摘要

First of all, I observed and studied the relation between Zhou Rite ＂the winter official＂ (冬官) and ＂Sikong＂ (司空) , and ＂Sikong＂ (司空) was in charge of Zhou Rite ＂the winter official＂ 60 duties. However, Zhou Rite ＂Sikong＂ (司空) disappeared and was replaced with Kao Gong Ji because the spirit or structure of Kao Gong Ji is considered consistent with Zhou Rite . Therefore I inspected the circulation age of Zhou Rite and Kao Gong Ji in advance and then compared their relations. By the opinions of Guo Mo Jo and Chien Mu, I understand the two books were written in the Warring States time, but there are different point of views on the circulation nationality of Kao Gong Ji. So I adopt a version of Ruan Yuan Zhou Rite and refer to the explanatory notes and comments of Zheng Hsuan (鄭玄), Jia Kung Yan (賈公彥) ,and Sun Ijang (孫詒讓) to observe if these two books are the same. At Last I found the record of ritual music system in Kao Gong Ji is similar to Zhou Rite and knew the earliest handicraft industry literature in China that can be seen also presented the Ritual Music System of Zhou Dynasty. Therefore I believe the nationality where Zhou Rite and Kao Gong Ji circulated should be the same.

並列關鍵字

Zhou Rite ； Kao Gong Ji ； The Ritual Music System

國際替代計量

《考工記》禮制初探

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