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雲端平台上動態虛擬化頻寬分配法以提昇網路處理績效

Design Dynamic Virtualized Bandwidth Allocation Scheme to Improve Networking Performance in Cloud Platform

摘要


目前於雲端環境上,其計算資源配置虛擬化,大多數的研究均專注於主機的CPU使用、記憶體配置、及硬碟空間管理,已有許多文獻的研究探討,但是在頻寬資源配置的部分尚未有一套有效率的虛擬化管理機制,無法即時彈性地做即時的調整以提供資源給不同需求的使用者與遞增的封包,使得網路處理績效較差以降低服務品質。因此,本研究針對虛擬化計算資源中的網路頻寬部分,以SDN/OpenFlow集中式管理的架構為基礎,考量NETSHARE未依據ToS(Type of Services)做動態與公平的頻寬資源分配之不足並加以改良,於雲端平台上提出一種新的虛擬化頻寬資源分配管理機制,稱為動態虛擬化頻寬分配法(Dynamic Virtualized Bandwidth Allocation Scheme),簡稱為DVBA。本論文透過此DVBA方法,以加權式公平佇列的觀點分配頻寬資源,將封包的ToS屬性為依據來做頻寬分配的權重,除了分辨使用者的來源提供對應層級的使用資源,亦考量使用者資源的負載狀況、服務的性質、封包的大小、及頻寬佇列的使用率,不僅動態地調整雲端伺服器的網路頻寬提供使用者足夠的頻寬資源,亦提供了彈性的管理機制讓管理者方便地調整。本論文提出三個關鍵績效指標(KPIs)並與NETSHARE方法進行模擬實驗比較,實驗結果顯示在處理能量部分能提升約18.51%、平均處理時間部分減少約15.57%、封包延遲時間部分降低約47.96%,以證明DVBA方法能動態地分配與有效地管理頻寬資源以提升網路處理績效。未來,將繼續改善DVBA目前的不足之處,透過考慮其他的因素來模擬更多的績效指標以驗證所提出的DVBA方法,期望能運用於跨雲伺服器的模式,使得頻寬使用率能更加提升且更有效率地控管,以提供較佳的服務品質。

並列摘要


Purpose - Virtualization is necessary first step in realizing cloud computing. Most studies so far have only focused on CPU usage, memory and disk resources managements in the cloud environment, not for bandwidth resource. Therefore, this paper proposes a new virtualized mechanism: DVBA (Dynamic Virtualized Bandwidth Allocation) for allocating and managing bandwidth resource under cloud environment. Design/methodology/approach - The proposed DVBA that allocates bandwidth resources from the perspective of Weighted Fair Queueing, in addition to providing corresponding resources to cloud users, and also considering loading status, quality of services, packet size and the usage of bandwidth queues. Findings - This paper did perform simulations to compare DVBA with current NETSHARE using KPIs in terms of Throughput, Average Processing Time, and the Packet Latency. Finally, the experimental results indicate that DVBA has higher Throughput, lower Average Processing Time and Packet Latency in total averaging about 18.51%, 15.57%, and 47.96% for different cloud users, respectively. Research limitation/implications - In the future, we will perform more simulations with other KPIs such like packet loss ratio to prove that the DVBA can dynamically adjust bandwidth allocation and enable easy tuning network resource for many more users cross the cloud platforms. Practical implications - Practically, the DVBA scheme can utilize the basis of SDN/OpenFlow centralized management architecture and also fix the inadequacies in static and fair bandwidth resource allocation of NETSHARE for virtualized bandwidth in a cloud platform. Originality/value - Most previous studies so far have only focused on CPU usage, memory and disk resources managements in the cloud environment. There is still not efficient tuning mechanism for dynamic allocation in virtualized bandwidth resources, it cannot be flexibly adjusted in real time due to various types of applications and increasing number of packets. Therefore, the proposed DVBA is to dynamically allocate and efficiently manage bandwidth resource under cloud environment.

參考文獻


李威儒(2011),『雲端資源租用策略最佳化』,未出版碩士論文,國立中正大學資訊工程研究所,嘉義縣。
何哲勳、楊慧卿、沈惠如(2014),『新一代網路架構之軟體定義網路與應用服務技術』,電工通訊季刊,2014 第一季,頁 20-28。
胡嘉璽(2010),『雲端運算初探』,Technology, Business,http://www.slideshare.net/vaemon/1-1-3358000(存取日期 2017/09/15)。
曾筱媛(2011),『次世代網路變革關鍵』,iThome,http://www.ithome.com.tw/node/71227(存取日期 2017/09/15)。
楊欣哲(2012),『雲端運算核心技術之一:虛擬機器(VM)』,聯合資訊,http://www.uis.com.tw/edm/uisnews/uisnews042/learning.aspx (存取日期2017/09/15)。

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