觀世音菩薩對婦女“無子之苦”的救度－以天台智者大師《觀音義疏》為根據

Bodhisāttva Guanyin Rescuses Women who Suffer from Infertility-Based on Guanyin yishu of Tiantai Master Zhiyi

釋大參(Da-Shan Shi)

《新世紀宗教研究》 5卷4期 (2007/06) Pp. 131-170

摘要

天台智者大師的《觀音玄義》、《觀音義疏》及《法華文句•普門品》是現存單行本最早的〈普門品〉詮釋，極具文獻價值。其中《觀音義疏》對於「無子之苦」有獨到的闡揚，本文主要藉此探討「無子之苦」的因素，以及修持「觀音送子法門」離苦的方法。在方法上，本文以傅偉動教授所提出一般方法論的五個詮釋層次，首先說明《觀音義疏》中「無子之苦」及天台學說中「事解」與「觀解」的基本意義，其次探討「七難三毒」的意義與理論模式，最後再借用智者大師解經的理論模式，試圖說明智者大師對「無子之苦」可能闡述的意義。
本文除了提供那些偏執於非得生男或生女的人們，破除對「男女二相」的執著，並具體說明天台觀音送子法門的修行是以《觀音玄義》的「三種慈悲」為根據，而效法觀世音菩薩視一切眾生為我子的無緣大慈。

關鍵字

無子之苦 ； 觀音義疏 ； 智者大師 ； 天台 ； 普門品

並列摘要

Tiantai Master Zhiyi's Guanyin xuanyi and Guanyin yishu are the earliest published interpretations of Chapter of the Universal Gate and very valuable. Amongst Tiantai Master Zhiyi's works, Guanyin yishu has an unique perspective on the issue of 'women who suffer from infertility'. The below paragraphs explore the reason of 'women who suffer from infertility' and the method to get rid of the suffering of being infertile by practicing Tiantai's teachings.
This passage based on the five levels of explanatory note of general methodology addressed by Professor Fu, Wel Xun to first clarify 'women who suffer from infertility' in Guanyin yishu and the basic meaning of the two perspectives: 'understanding of fact' and 'contemplative understanding' suggested in the School of Tiantai. Then, the paper further discusses the meanings and theoretical models of Zhiyi's interpretations on 'the seven calamities and the three poisons'.
Lastly, the discussion attempted to show what Master Zhiyi would like to explain in 'women who suffer from infertility'. In addition, this text offers those who are bigoted to infants' gender to get rid of the sexual prejudice, and embodies that the practicing of 'the dhārma-gate of Tiantai's prayer for an infant to kuan-yin' is based on the three reasons of bodhisāttva's pity of Guanyin xuanyi, then encourages people to follow the great compassion of Guanyin's regarding all sentient beings as one's son.

並列關鍵字

suffer from infertility ； Guanyin yishu ； Master Zhiyi ； Tiantai ； Chapter of the Universal Gate

參考文獻

釋大參(2007)。天台觀音感應論：以《法華玄義》的「感應妙」為中心。中華佛學學報。20，291-322。

陳英善(1992)。《觀音玄義》性惡問題之探討。中華佛學學報。5，173-189。

巴宙(1987)。觀音菩薩與亞洲佛教。中華佛學學報。1，68。

釋大參(2007)。天台觀音感應論：以《法華玄義》的「感應妙」為中心。中華佛學學報。20，291-322。

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