- 期刊
歐巴馬總統因應中日釣魚台爭端政策及其影響
President Obama's Policy Responses to the Sino-Japanese Diaoyutai Dispute and Its Implications
摘要
歐巴馬總統低調因應2012～2013年中日釣魚台危機，敦促兩國採取自我克制，一直到危機尾聲，才明確承諾釣魚台涵蓋在《美日安保條約》第五條適用的範圍。美國對釣魚台領土主權問題不採特定立場，歡迎日本通過新安保法制增強防衛態勢。然而，歐巴馬政府批評安倍首相參拜靖國神社，另在言詞上挑戰中國劃設東海「防空識別區」，鼓勵中日兩國透過協商解決危機。這讓日本幾乎獨力因應中國在釣魚台周邊海上的安全挑戰。安倍增加防衛預算，歐巴馬卻在「自動減支」政策下，大幅刪減國防預算。此一發展影響美國「再平衡」戰略的執行，也使中國更無顧慮在南海進行填海造陸的建設。
並列摘要
American President Obama responded to the 2012-2013 Diaoyutai crisis in a low-key manner and urged Japan and China to exercise self-restraint. It was only at the end of the crisis that Obama explicitly stated that Diaoyutai was covered by Article 5 of the U.S.-Japan Security Treaty. Although the United States takes no position on the question of territorial sovereignty, it welcoms Japan's decision on improving defense posture through adoption of new security legislation. Nevertheless, the Obama administration criticized Prime Minister Abe for visiting the Yasukuni Shrine, verbally challenged the Chinese designation of an ＂Air Defense Identification Zone＂ in the East China Sea, and encouraged the two countries to defuse the crisis through dialogue. Japan responded to the Chinese security challenge in waters surrounding Diaoyutai almost alone. Abe dramatically increased Japan's defense budget, while Obama significantly cut U.S. defense spending through sequestration. The development affected the United States' ＂Rebalancing Strategy＂ and made China less worried about Obama's reactions to Chinese land reclamation activities in the South China Sea.