黃信介的領導與民主進步黨

黃信介是臺灣政治史上的傳奇人物。在郭雨新於宜蘭競選監察委員失利而黯然出國自我放逐後，黃信介身為立法院第一屆增選立法委員，一躍而成為在野反對運動的領袖，他參與創辦了《臺灣政論》和《美麗島》，知人善任，重用施明德、許信良、張俊宏、姚嘉文、呂秀蓮等等黨外菁英，而利用選舉時的連線結盟和雜誌社，將黨外運動組織化，奠定了日後民主進步黨建黨的基礎。民進黨在黃信介因美麗島事件入獄期間，於1987年9月利用全國大選時機突破黨禁宣布組黨，黃信介與張俊宏同獄，對於臺灣政黨政治圖像和反對黨的經營有過深刻的討論。黃信介出獄後，便挾入獄前的聲望於加入民進黨後不久即當選第二任黨主席，之後又延任一次，在他三年的領導下，民進黨日具規模，利用國是會議獲得中國國民黨的認可，並以總統民選作為該黨旗幟鮮明的政治主張。黃信介更以個人捐輸與私人募款，維持了民進黨的營運。最後在他下臺之前，民進黨通過了《臺獨公投黨綱》。本文擬回顧黃信介對於民進黨的領導與貢獻，也為他領導下民進黨在臺灣民主轉型中的角色做出定位與評價。

關鍵字

黃信介；黨外運動；民主進步黨；民主轉型；李登輝；魔魅領導

並列摘要

Huang Hsin-chieh is a legend in Taiwan's political history. After Kuo Yu-hsin lost his election as a Control Yuan Member in Yilan and left Taiwan, Huang Hsin-chieh, as the First Supplementary Legislator of the Legislative Yuan, became the leader of opposition movements since the late 1970s. He participated in the founding of Taiwan Political Review and Formosa Magazine, recruiting elites from the non-Kuomingtang camp such as Shih Ming-teh, Hsu Hsin-liang, Chang Chun-hung, Yao Chia-wen, Annette Lu, etc. He took advantage of the political alliances during each election and branches of magazine office to organize Tangwai Movement, which laid a solid foundation for the founding of the Democratic Progressive Party in 1986. During Huang Hsin-chieh's imprisonment for the Formosa Incident, the Democratic Progressive Party took the opportunity of the national election to break through the ban of political parties and announced the formation officially in September 1986. Huang Hsin-chieh and Chang Chun-hung were in prison together, they had discussed about the political image of Taiwan's party politics and the management of the opposition party. After Huang Hsin-chieh was released from prison, he utilized his pre-prison prestige to be elected as the second chairman almost right after joining the Democratic Progressive Party, and then renewed his term of office. Under his three-year leadership, the Democratic Progressive Party grew significantly. The Democratic Progressive Party was recognized by the Kuomintang in the National Affairs Conference, and strongly advocated direct presidential election. Huang Hsin-chieh spared no effort to maintain the operation of the Democratic Progressive Party through personal donations and private fundraising. Finally, before he stepped down, the Democratic Progressive Party passed the Taiwan Independence Referendum Party Platform. This article intends to review Huang Hsin-chieh's leadership and contribution to the Democratic Progressive Party, and to evaluate the role of the Democratic Progressive Party under his leadership in the process of Taiwan's democratization.