- 期刊
- OpenAccess
台灣人工流產科技立法發展趨勢之檢討
Review of Legislative Development on Abortion Science and Technology in Taiwan
摘要
本文係從先從人工流產之科技面，了解胚胎或胎兒之生命排除於母體外造成死亡之情境後，結合倫理之觀點後，再從法律面，對現行「優生保健法」提出修法建議，以期對婦女之身體健康權、自主決定權及胚胎或胎兒之生命權有所兼顧。本文之研究方法，除文獻文析法外，主要係透過比較法之觀點，比較主要國家立法例、現行各種修法版本、實務見解及WHO之建議，以期對「優生保健法」提出修法建議，進而有助於解決現行社會上墮胎問題泛濫之情形。最後，本文建議將現行「優生保健法」名稱更改為「生育保健法」，維持第9條第1項6款之人工流產事由，以保障懷孕婦女之身體自主權，但為保護胎兒之生命權，立法應增列3天之思考期。此外，不設「強制諮詢」，僅由政府負起資訊提供之義務，以減少人工流產負面之現象；婦女接受人工流產，不須徵求配偶之同意；未滿18歲之未婚婦女若已具有成熟人格或法定代理人無法為有利之決定時，應徵求未成年人之意願，由其進行人工產之醫療院所直接尋求社政主管機關之同意，而非經由法定代理人之同意，以減少人工流產之不當負擔。
並列摘要
According to abortion of Technology, this article will discuss the situation of embryonic or fetal life, excluding from the mother. Then to protect the right of women' health, the of self-decision, and an embryo or fetus' life, we will give some legal suggestions about ”Genetic Health Law” by the ethics and law points of view. The present methods about this article, we adopt literature text analysis approach, comparative viewpoints, comparing the main national legislations, the existing varieties of amending law versions, the practical insights, and the recommendations of WHO. We wish we can give some amending legal proposals on ”Genetic Health Law” to improve the current proliferation of abortion in society. Finally, this paper proposes to change ”Genetic Health Law” into ”reproductive Health Law”, to maintain article 9 item 1 paragraphs 6, to be added 3 thinking days. In addition, no ”mandatory consultation”, the government assume the obligation to provide information to reduce the negative phenomenon of abortion. If women access to abortion, they don't need to seek the consent of the spouse. Unmarried women under 18, if they have mature personality or their legal representatives can't have favorable decision, they can use the local government' consent, rather than the parents' to reduce the undue burden of artificial abortion.