- 期刊
- OpenAccess
區塊鏈與新聞：新型態的數位新聞購買與推薦平台
Blockchain and Journalism - New Type of Purchase and Recommendation Platform for News
摘要
區塊鏈的概念是在2008年由Nakamoto Satoshi提出，並在2009年發佈了第一個實作區塊鏈的虛擬貨幣－比特幣。在2015年發行的另外一個區塊鏈虛擬貨幣系統－以太坊，引入智慧合約的概念，擴大了區塊鏈的應用於自動交易與資料保護上。區塊鏈所具有的資料不可抹滅以及解決雙重支付的虛擬貨幣機制，也吸引新聞媒體開始投入建置區塊鏈新聞交易平台，用以解決營收過度依賴廣告與遏止假新聞的氾濫。本文將介紹區塊鏈如何應用於新聞交易平台，以目前進行中的三個區塊鏈新聞交易平台為主要的分析對象，包含以英文讀者為主的Civil與Bitpress，以及以華文世界讀者為對象的Matters。從對以上三者的研究顯示，當區塊鏈上的貨幣與現實生活中的法幣能有穩定兌換關係後，同時擁有足夠多的貨幣與持有者在區塊鏈上，就能成為從貨幣動力學來看具有穩定性的貨幣，如此將會使得區塊鏈如同重要基礎設施，可以被穩定地且廣泛地運用；而其所具有的不可抹滅性，也使得此種新的數位型態的新聞內容會成為可信賴的訊息來源，增加大眾對於新聞的信賴度，使得新聞產業擺脫假新聞與同溫層所帶來的負面影響，再次贏回大眾的信賴。
並列摘要
This paper introduces the technology background of blockchain and three journalism-related projects-Civil, Bitpress and Matters. Blockchain was proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008 and he released Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency based on blockchain, in 2009. Blockchain is a decentralized ledger and it contains transactions in blocks. The difficulty of modifying data avoids double spending and keeps Bitcoin stable. In 2015, another blockchain-based cryptocurrency system, Ethereum, brought the feature of smart contract into blockchain. Smart contracts can be executed without the third-party agent, so it expands the application of blockchain. Civil, Bitpress and Matters aim to build news/content distribution platforms based on cryptocurrency and develop new news recommender system to break the echo chamber. If the exchange between cryptocurrency and fiat currency is stable, it will create a sustainable ecosystem for journalism industry. Meanwhile, the tamper-proof trait of blockchain can trace origins of news to control the spread of fake news. Blockchain will be an opportunity to help journalists bring their readers/audience back and have their trust again.