封、疆、界：中国古代早期对于域界的表示

甲骨文、金文以及秦楚瓦文、简牍中所见的“封”（“夆”）乃是人工堆筑的土堆，其上或植有树木；“封”多沿着道路设置，用以表示其地域之归属；田地中的“封”则置立于田畔或阡道上，用于标识田地的归属。金文与秦楚简牍中所见的“疆”“畺”或“彊”，则是人为地划出的界线，它可以但并不必然表现为自然或人为的地理事物。“界”也是一种人为的划分，却有具体的自然或人为的地理事物作为标识；用于表示“界”的地理事物主要有关、垣、离、格、堑、封、刊、坞、虎落、天田、立石等人为的地理事物，以及山、川等自然地理事物。

關鍵字

疆域；界线；标识；先秦；秦汉

並列摘要

The Feng (＂封＂, ＂夆＂), seen in the oracles, bronze inscriptions, brick inscriptions and bamboo slips of State of Qin and Chu, refers to the mound that artificially stacked and on which some trees are planted. The Fengs (Aggers) usually were set up along the roads to indicate the attribution of its territory, while the Fengs in the field were placed on the banks of the field or on the road through the field to mark the attribution of the field. The Jiang (＂疆＂, ＂畺＂, ＂彊＂), seen in the bronze inscriptions and bamboo slips of State of Qin and Chu, refers to the line that was been artificially drawn, it can but does not necessarily manifest as natural or man-made geographical things. The Jie (＂界＂) is also an artificial division, but there are specific natural or man-made geographical things as the logo. The geographical things that used to denote the ＂boundary＂ in Qin and Han period mainly included some man-made geographical things such as the castle, outpost, barrier, roadblock, agger, trench, abatis, stela, as well as mountains, rivers and other natural geographical things.

並列關鍵字

territory ； boundary ； logo ； the pre - Qin period ； Qin and Han Dynasties

國際替代計量

封、疆、界：中国古代早期对于域界的表示

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