- 期刊
臺灣商用紅羽土雞公雞之生長性能、屠體性狀及肌肉色澤分析
The growth and carcass traits of commercial red-feathered roosters in Taiwan
摘要
為瞭解臺灣商用紅羽土雞生長性能，以購入種蛋孵化方式，調查臺灣中南部4家種雞場紅羽公土雞之生長性能、屠體性狀、皮膚及肌肉色澤，期能提供相關業者與研究工作之參考。結果顯示，飼養紅羽土雞公雞至12週齡時4家雞群雞隻之上市體重均達2kg以上，且場間有顯著差異（P ＜ 0.05），體重平均為2,241 ± 155 g至2,627 ± 158 g。雞群4－8 週齡之飼料轉換率場間有顯著差異（P ＜ 0.05），介於2.50 ± 0.32至2.98 ± 0.46之間。分析雞群12週齡之屠體性狀，其屠宰率介於74.3 ± 1.2 至78.1 ± 0.7 %，胸部比例介於19.0 ± 0.8 至21.8 ± 0.7 %，骨腿比例介於27.4 ± 0.3至28.4 ± 0.7%，屠宰率與胸部比例有場間之顯著差異（P ＜ 0.05），顯示商用紅羽土雞歷經多年民間飼養後，公雞之屠宰率下降，胸部與腿部比例較高。在背部與腿肉之b 值有場間顯著性的差異（P ＜ 0.05），而在腹部、胸肉之L. a. b.值均無顯著差異。本次調查結果與過去資料比較，顯示雞隻體重、飼料效率與屠宰率仍有改進空間。
並列摘要
This study was conducted to measure the growth and carcass traits of commercial red-feathered roosters for understanding the present problems of native chicken industry in Taiwan. The commercial red-feathered roosters from 4 red-feathered breeder farms in Taiwan, which will measure the body weight, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics and muscle color. The results showed that the body weight of chickens from all farms reached 2,241 ± 155 to 2,627 ± 158 g at 12 weeks of age. Feed conversion ratios of 4 groups were 2.50 ± 0.32 to 2.98 ± 0.46 during 4 to 8 weeks of age. Dressing percentages at 12 weeks of age were 74.3 ± 1.2 to 78.1 ± 0.7%. The breast ratio of carcasses were 19.0 ± 0.8 to 21.8 ± 0.7%, the thigh ratio of carcasses were 27.4 ± 0.3 to 28.4 ± 0.7%. There were significant differences among 4 farms in dressing percentages and the breast ratio of carcasses. The b values of back skin and thigh meat were significanty different among 4 groups. No significant differences were obse vored among 4 groups on L, a and b values of abdomen and breast meat. Compared the results of this study with the previous reports, there were slowly declined in body weight, feed conversion ratio, and dressing percentage of the commercial red-feathered roosters in Taiwan.