令和三年日本外交‧安全保障政策之研究-談台灣外交政策建議

中國自20世紀起歷經八任領導人，從遠離國際事務到韜光養晦至和平發展，到習近平於2013年接任國家領導人後，對內透過經濟改革、軍備高度發展，並改採強烈態度積極參與國際事務，中國崛起不只是過程也是事實。中國崛起體現在國際關係中不僅是對美超強權國際地位挑戰，對全球體制、秩序帶來隱憂，對印太地區、亞洲地區國家更是直接強烈威脅。台灣長年面對中國在國際舞台上打壓，伴隨中國崛起情況也逐漸加劇，友邦國家近年甚至降至14國，攸關全球人類性命的COVID-19也因為政治因素無法參與WHO討論疫情防治。尤有更甚，中國不斷派遣軍機繞行我國領空以及海上民兵干擾沿海海域，對我國安全防衛形成嚴重威脅。同在印太戰略熱區、台灣與日本，除面對中國在東海、南海不斷嘗試片面改變現狀帶來的安全議題，日本尚須面對北韓飛彈威脅，以及與俄羅斯跨世紀的領土議題。日本不僅在亞洲外交地外佔有重要地位，在國際舞台上也佔有相當份量，同時飽受與兩大強權間的領土、安全保障問題。有鑑於此，本研究旨在透過令和三年《外交青書》、《防衛白書》中有關日、台及與日台關係密切相關國家等章節，分析亞洲強權-日本如何應對當前國際態勢、區域動亂，藉此學習日本經驗並用以借鏡檢討台灣外交、安全保障策略，期望能為台灣外交政策提供實質建言作為政策調整之參考。

關鍵字

日美同盟；自由開放的印度太平洋；印太戰略；權力平衡

並列摘要

Since the 20th century, the Republic of China has been under eight leaders, and the foreign policy changed from keeping a low profile to peaceful development. After Xi Jinping was named as the country's leader in 2013, through economic policy reform and raising military expenditures, Xi taking a proactive role in international society. As a matter of fact, China's rise has been a challenge to the United States as Global Superpower and it’s shaking the global system and order. It has become not only a security issue to Indo-Pacific but a critical threat to Asia. Taiwan has been faced China's suppression on the international stage over decades, and with the rise of China, the situation has gradually gone intensified. Even during Covid-19 pandemic, Taiwan is still unable to participate in WHO's discussion, due to political factors. Moreover, China has continuously sending warplanes into Taiwan's air defense identification zone (ADIZ), posing a serious threat to our national security and public safety. Taiwan and Japan are both in the Indo-Pacific strategic hot zone, in addition to facing the security issues brought about by China’s continuous attempts to unilaterally change the status quo in the East China Sea and the South China Sea, Japan still has to face with North Korean missile threat along with the territorial dispute with Russia since the end of World War II. Japan is not only playing a role in Asia, but also to the entire world. At the same time, Japan suffers from the friction between two major regional powers. In view of this, this paper aims to analyze how the Asian power, Japan responds to the current international situation and regional issues, through the chapters on Japan, Taiwan and countries closely related to Japan-Taiwan relations in DIPLOMATIC BLUEBOOK 2021 and DEFENSE OF JAPAN 2021. In order to learn from Japan's experience and use it to review Taiwan's foreign policy and security strategy. It is hoped to be a reference, substantive advice for Taiwan's foreign policy.