運用「反思寫作」於「大一國文」課程以建構學生自我知識之研究：以中國古典文學經典為範疇

由於臺灣在大學前的國文課程教育，其學習過程不外乎是形音義、抄課文以及許多死背重於理解的教學內容，此外，在普遍以考試為導向的學習教育下，學生多以「背多分」的實際或功利想法尋求標準答案作為學習時的學習模式。因此，本研究以中國古典文學經典為範疇，透過反思寫作於「大一國文」課程來進行研究，此課程為醫學院醫學系及護理學系一年級的學生，設計了「愛情與婚姻」及「文明與文化」兩個單元的主題式課程，運用了3W反思寫作及ORID焦點討論法兩個反思寫作的工具，以此了解學生的自我批判及自我知識之建構中的改變。課程前透過學習問卷，進行先備知識的調查。每週課程後皆有反思寫作學習單並在每一單元結束後有反思寫作學習單則作為研究時的質性資料。課程中進行的小組討論、分享與教師觀察，則用來作為分析時的依據。實驗結果發現，學生在課程後，對於文本的理解不再局限於字面的意思而已，於學習成效及自我知識及批判能力之技巧建構上皆有進步。於此將反思寫作的思考方式帶給學生一輩子受用的學習方式，不只運用於大學學習的生涯中，更是終身學習的利器。

關鍵字

反思寫作；自我知識； 3W反思法； ORID焦點討論法

並列摘要

Due to Taiwan’s Chinese language curriculum education, the learning process is usually the teaching of form, sound and meaning, and copy texts without focusing on comprehension. Under test-oriented learning education, students often use memorization strategies to seek standard answers to get high scores. This research took Chinese classical literature as an example, and conducted research through reflective writing in the freshman Chinese language course. This course was designed for the first-year students of the medical and the nursing department at a medical college. This course designed subject-based lesson of the two units: "Love and Marriage" and " Civilization and Culture". The courses used 3W reflective writing and ORID focus discussion methods to understand the changes in students' self-criticism and self-knowledge construction. Conducting a pre-knowledge survey before the course, this study collected a reflective writing study sheet as qualitative materials after the course unit and the weekly course. Group discussions, sharing and teacher observations in the course were all used for analysis. As a result of the research, students’ understanding of the text was no longer just literal, and made progress in learning effectiveness and the construction of skills in self-knowledge and critical abilities after the course. The learning methods of bringing reflective writing and thinking to students' life was not only used in university study life, but also a tool for lifelong learning.