- 學位論文
影響老花眼及其矯正方式的個人因素
Individual Factors Affecting Presbyopia and Its Correction
摘要
目的 隨著人類壽命與近距離用眼需求的增加，使得老花眼問題日益嚴重。本研究將探討受老花眼影響的日常活動以及影響老花眼程度與處置方式的個人條件。 方法 採量化橫斷性的方式，收集200名40~70歲中、老年人的街坊問卷調查，再以IBM SPSS V.24的統計分析軟體做數據分析。 結果 本研究共收集205份有效樣本，視覺品質之信效度分析的Cronbach's Alpha為0.884、KMO值為0.889，p<0.001。生活困擾程度與性別(p=0.014)、年齡(p<0.001)、平時活動距離(p=0.035)達顯著差異，與居住地區(p=0.595)、教育程度(p=0.408)、經濟能力(p=0.106)、眼睛度數(p=0.359)未達顯著；眼睛度數與老花眼起始年齡未達顯著差異(p=0.091)。在老花眼處置方式中，教育程度與把眼鏡拿下來看(Cramer’s V=0.305，p<0.001)、眼睛度數與單焦眼鏡(Cramer’s V=0.431，p<0.001)、多焦眼鏡(Cramer’s V=0.441，p<0.001)、把眼鏡拿下來看(Cramer’s V=0.649，p<0.001)達顯著且為中度以上相關。 結論 整體而言，老花眼主要發生於46~50.5歲，影響程度女性高於男性，其他因素尚有年齡、平時活動距離與眼睛度數。受影響的日常活動為使用手機、閱讀書籍、讀標籤小字、寫字以及長時間近距離活動。影響處置方式的最大因素是眼睛度數，正視與遠視偏好單焦眼鏡、中度近視偏好多焦眼鏡、近視者傾向把眼鏡拿下來看。
並列摘要
Purpose With the increase in human lifespan and demand on near work, the problems of presbyopia become more and more serious. The purpose of this study was to explore the daily activities affected by presbyopia and the individual conditions that affect degree and treatment of presbyopia. Method A quantitative and cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among 200 people aged 40 to 70 years old. Data analysis was performed by statistical analysis software IBM SPSS V.24. Result A total of 205 valid samples were collected in this study. For the analysis of reliability and validity in visual quality, Cronbach's Alpha was 0.884. KMO value was 0.889(p<0.001). The degree of life disturbance with gender (p=0.014), with age (p<0.001), and with working distance (p=0.035) reached significant difference. The degree of life disturbance with residence (p=0.595), with education (p=0.408), with income (p=0.106), and with refraction (p=0.359) didn’t reach significant difference. Refraction and onset of presbyopia didn’t reach significant difference. In the treatments for presbyopia, education with taking off spectacle to see (Cramer’s V=0.305, p<0.001), refraction with single focal lens (Cramer’s V=0.431, p<0.001), progressive addition lens (Cramer’s V=0.441, p<0.001), taking off spectacle to see (Cramer’s V=0.649, p<0.001) reach moderate and above correlation significantly. Conclusion Overall, presbyopia occurs at 46~50.5 years old. Presbyopia has greater impact on female. Other individual conditions that affect degree of presbyopia are age and working distance. Presbyopia has impact on the daily activities such as using smartphone, reading books, reading labels, writing and long-time near work. The treatments for presbyopia depend on refraction. Emmetropia and mild hyperopia prefer single focal lens. Moderate myopia prefer progressive addition lens. All myopia tend to take off spectacle to see.