- 學位論文
月亮錯覺中雙眼深度線索對距離與大小知覺的影響
Moon illusion : The effects on size and distance perception of depth cues in dichoptic presentation
摘要
在我們的日常生活中，大小與距離的判斷似乎相當的快速準確而自動化，但是，我們卻偶爾會發現一些例外，在一些特殊情境下，我們會產生一些和客觀事實不符合的知覺距離與知覺大小，也就是所謂的錯覺。本研究想探討在立體視覺的狀態下，操弄不同形式的深度線索，對於大小與距離的判斷是否會有影響。在實驗一操弄了作業類別、線索差異與月亮位置等三個變項。作業類別分成判斷距離與判斷大小等兩種；線索差異分成正向線索（upright gradient）與反向線索（inverted gradient）兩種；月亮位置分成水平與高空兩種。結果發現，作業類別與線索差異這兩個變項並不影響受試者的判斷，僅月亮的位置會對受試者的判斷造成影響。由受試者在判斷距離與判斷大小的實驗結果可看出SDIH在實驗一中大致被支持，但並無法看出知覺距離與知覺大小間較為定量的關係。實驗二中操弄了兩個變項，包括作業類別與線索差異，結果發現線索差異仍不會影響判斷的結果。本研究認為，在雙眼立體視覺下，受試者具有較清楚的距離判斷，地面線索反轉後，仍可感覺到水平月亮位於相對較遠處，因此線索差異的影響不易顯現。雖然整體而言SDIH之影響相當強烈，但仍未能完全以公式預測錯覺大小。
並列摘要
In our daily life, the judgments of size and distance seem very fast and automatic. Sometimes, we find exceptions. In some special situations, we have size and distance perception which were disagree with the reality, that we called illusions. The purpose of the research is to debate that in the dichoptic presentation, will manipulate different kinds of depth cues effecting the judgments of size and distance ? The purpose of experiment 1 was to access the effects of task types, depth cues and location of moons. The results show that task types and depth cues may not cause an effect to the judgments of the subjects, but the location of moons does. In experiment 1, size-distance invariance hypothesis(SDIH) was been supported. But we can't find measurable relationship between the distance and size perceptions. The purpose of experiment 2 was to access the effects of task types and depth cues. The results show that depth cues may not cause an effect to the judgments of the subjects. In the dichoptic presentation, the subjects may judge the distance better. In spite of the effects of SDIH is very strong, but we still can't predict it through the formula absolutely.