頓轉轉矩對直流無刷馬達振動之影響與分析

近年來，直流永磁無刷馬達(BLDC)被廣泛地應用在各種場合，但由於馬達在結構設計上的差異程度以及裝配上的缺失，或驅動方式的不同會產生大小不一的頓轉轉矩，進而影響到馬達整體的運轉特性並產生振動與噪音。由於無刷馬達的發展，越來越傾向於小型的精密馬達。在此同時對於品質的要求日益提升，針對馬達的振動與噪音問題也更為關切，因而如何降低馬達之振動噪音也就顯的越發重要。因此本文利用有限元素軟體ANSYS，針對不同的結構與驅動方式來分析馬達的振動與特性，並利用實驗設備量測直流永磁無刷馬達其振動訊號與頓轉轉矩互相比較，來驗證馬達振動與電磁方面的影響。本文分析考慮的問題有(1)馬達的結構自然頻率之影響(2)馬達頓轉轉矩之影響。上述問題皆會影響馬達的振動與噪音，進而產生共振的問題，因此值得深入探討。本論文分析結果可作為永磁無刷直流馬達設計及製作之重要參考依據。

關鍵字

無刷馬達；頓轉轉矩；振動

並列摘要

In the recent years, the permanent magnetic brushless DC motors are used extensively. Due to the differences and assembly flaws in the construction design of the motors and the different way of driver program will result different cogging torque. That will influence the operating characteristic and efficiency of motors, and then produces the vibration and noise. Because the development of brushless motor. It trends to be small Precision motors. At that time, quality is needed to be promoted. The vibration and noise need to be deeply concerned. So how to reduce the vibration and noise becomes more and more important. Therefore, this thesis uses finite element software ANSYS to analyze the characteristic of motors according to different construction and drive way. Furthermore, we use the laboratory equipment to test signal of the permanent magnetic brushless DC motors and compare with the cogging torque to prove the effects of motor vibration and electromagnetic. In this thesis, the questions which we need to concern are:(1) The effect of construction natural frequencies of the motors.(2) The effect of cogging torque of the motors. Both of the questions will influence the vibration and noise of motors and produce the resonant. It needs to be explored. The analyze results will be the important basis in the design of permanent magnetic brushless DC motors.