- 學位論文
印刷電路板廠烤箱與製程排氣系統火災安全管理-以桃園某PCB廠為例
Printed circuit board factory oven and process exhaust system fire safety management- Take a PCB factory in Taoyuan as an example
摘要
於民國107年4月28日桃園敬鵬公司發生工廠火災，造成5名消防員及2名員工死亡，火災主要原因於該工廠5樓防焊烤箱走火，火勢再藉由排氣風管經負壓竄燒至各樓層，短時間即使全棟工廠陷入火海。類似原因引起之火災已非個案，包括91年先豐、92年欣興電子皆因烤箱及排氣風管發生嚴重火災。 PCB工廠火災引火源包括以必須加熱的電鍍、烤箱等高風險機台製程為主，其電氣、元件之本質安全設計不足，在元件故障或失效時，火災即從加熱器開始發展，且製程需使用加熱器之機台數量眾多，發生火災之風險亦增加許多。而製程排氣風管造成延燒問題也是擴大事故災害之重點，火災於機台內部引起並藉由排氣風管水平或垂直蔓延整棟建築物，即使對於製程排氣風管現今已有相關規定或安全標準，但廠房現況環境恐因施工、增設空間不足或施作困難，導致無法符合現今相關安全規範要求。 台灣電路板協會於2016年啟動設備安全標準制定工作小組，並於2017年12月公告PCB『設備安全標準烤箱篇』[PCB-ES-01]以及於2019年6月公告推行之『電路板設施安全標準-製程排氣系統篇』[PCB-EHS-FS01]。目前尚未有事業單位針對此兩套安全標準進行自我查核及改善，本文以此兩安全標準為工具，藉由桃園某PCB工廠為例，進行各條文規定符合度查核，檢討其現況符合度並將不符合項目進行風險評估，直至將不可接受之風險項目以工程改善方式降至可接受之程度。 本文以兩安全標準了解目前PCB廠設施安全符合率，並將改善方式整合成實例供其他PCB廠參考外，同時探討兩安全標準之各條文可操作性及是否有需加強之項目，以提升製程烤箱本質安全設計及製程排氣系統相關安全標準，進行更有效之源頭管理，確實降低引火源之發生及延燒之嚴重度問題。
並列摘要
Republic of China in 107 years April 28 Peng Jing Taoyuan factory fire occurred, causing five firefighters and two employees died, mainly due to a fire in the factory, 5th Floor, solder oven fire, then the fire was negative by exhaust duct pressure channeling till each floor, for a short time even if the whole factory buildings on fire. The cause of the fire has caused similar non-cases, including 91 in the first Feng, 92 years Unimicron because the oven and exhaust duct serious fire. PCB factory fire must be heated to an ignition source comprises electroplating, high-risk oven process based machine, its electrical insufficient inherently safe design element, the element when the malfunction or failure, the development of a fire starts from the heater, and the process for an many use the heater of the number of machines, the risk of fires also increased a lot. The process exhaust duct causing problems spread also broaden the focus of the accident disasters, fires caused by the exhaust duct and the horizontal or vertical spread throughout the building inside the machine, even if today there regulations for the process exhaust duct or safety standards, but the status of the plant environment due to construction of fear, lack of additional space or facilities for the difficulties, resulting not meet today's safety-related regulatory requirements. Taiwan Printed Circuit Association boot device safety standards in 2016 to develop the working group, and in December 2017 announcement PCB "equipment safety standard oven chapter" [PCB-ES-01] as well as "circuit board facilities announcement to implement it in June 2019 safety standards - routing the exhaust system articles "[PCB-EHS-FS01]. Shiyedanwei is not yet self-checking and improve two sets safety standards for this, this paper two safety standards as a tool by a PCB factory in Taoyuan, for example, be in line with the provisions of each audit, a review of its current status and conformity does not meet the project risk assessment, risk until Bukejieshou of engineering projects to improve the way down to acceptable levels. In this paper, two safety standards to understand the current PCB plant facility security compliance rate, and improve the way integrated into an example for other PCB's reference, the two also discussed the clauses of safety standards operability and whether there is need to strengthen the project to improve the process oven intrinsically safe design and process exhaust system-related safety standards, more effective management of the source, does reduce the severity of the occurrence of an ignition source and spread of the problem.