- 學位論文
水稻紋溝灌溉之溝寬對灌溉效益分析
Irrigation Efficiency Analysis of Rill Width in Paddy Fields
摘要
水稻是台灣主要栽培作物之一，所占種植面積廣大，種植的過程隨著水稻成長而增加灌溉用水量。若在水稻種植過程中，有效率的減少灌溉用水，便可有效提升農業水資源利用效率。本研究利用臺灣嘉南農田水利會灌溉推廣中心的自動遮雨棚試驗區進行田間試驗，探討水稻在紋溝灌溉下其寬度與深度對稻米農藝性狀與產量的影響。試驗於2017年一、二期作進行，一期作試驗分為5種情境，包括未開溝、開溝5 cm、10 cm、15 cm及20 cm，試驗採二重複方式進行，開溝深度為10 cm，二期作刪除5 cm情境，共有4種配置情境，採3重複方式進行，開溝深度為20 cm。試驗結果顯示一期作於溝寬20 cm 之用水量雖與未開溝相同，但其每公頃產量多9 %。而紋溝寬度越寬則單位灌溉水量之水稻產量亦越高。二期作於溝寬20 cm 之水稻農藝性狀較未開溝者佳，而且單位用水量之水稻產量亦較高。
並列摘要
Rice is one of the main crops in Taiwan and the area is vast. The water required is increased with rice growth. If the rice planting duration can effectively reduce the water supply, the process can improve the efficiency of agricultural water resources utilization. In this research, the field experiment was carried out by using the lysimeter with automatic sheltering in the Irrigation Technology Promotion Center of Taiwan Chia-Nan Irrigation Association. The purpose is to study the effect of rill width on the agronomic characteristics and yield of rice. The experiment during the first-season has five situations, including traditional operation and rill width 5 cm, 10 cm, 15 cm, 20 cm, and rill depth is 10 cm. In second-season has four situations as first-season except for rill width of 5 cm, and rill depth is 20 cm. The results showed that the first-season rice yield of rill width 20 cm was higher than the traditional operation about 9 %. The rice yield of unit water consumption is proportional to rill width. In the second-season, the agronomic characteristics of rice and the rice yield of unit water consumption can find 20 cm better than the traditional operation.