坡地不同覆蓋率對微氣候特性影響研究

本研究於國立屏東科技大學水土保持綜合試驗區之坡地果園內利用自動觀測氣象站，藉以觀測包括：氣溫、相對濕度、全天日射量、降雨量、風速及風向，同時以空拍機及影像分析軟體進行坡地果園自然植生復育情況下之植生覆蓋率變化，以了解坡地果園於不同植被覆蓋率下之微氣候特性。結果得知坡地果園內植生復育過程中，隨植生覆蓋率遞增，於晝間之平均氣溫降低0.9 °C、平均相對濕度提升4.5 %，氣溫日較差最多降低5.1 °C。植生覆蓋率與全天日射量、生育度數間具有對數遞增趨勢，與氣溫日較差間具有指數遞減趨勢。

關鍵字

坡地果園；微氣象；植生覆蓋率

並列摘要

The study focus on understand the microclimate characteristics of the slope orchard under different vegetation coverage. The plot was at located the sloped orchard of the outdoor classroom of Soil and Water Conservation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, and meteorological station were set near by the plot. All the observations include: air temperature, relative humidity, global solar radiation, rainfall, wind speed and wind direction, and vegetation coverage was measured by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and image analysis software. The results had shown as follow: To increase vegetation coverage during the phytoremediation in sloped orchards could result air temperature with decreasing tendency in 0.9 °C and relative humidity with increasing tendency in 4.5% at daytime, meanwhile the daily temperature range could be less than 5.1 °C. The relationships among vegetation coverage and global solar radiation, growing degree days were in a positive logarithmic tendency, and diurnal temperature range was in a negative exponential tendency.