大學生多元學習與自我防衛機制之關聯性

The Relationship between Multiple Learning for Undergraduates and Self-Defense Mechanism

何宗諺(TSUNG-YEN HO)

指導教授 ： 呂明哲

朝陽科技大學/管理學院/會計系/碩士(2019年)

摘要

當人們遇到困難或挫折時，通常心理上會產生自我防衛機制，以降低內心的焦慮。成熟型自我防衛機制可以使人們正向面對事物，積極解決問題；不成熟型自我防衛機制使人們負面看待事物，避免觸及問題。假若自我防衛機制顯現較少的成熟因子、較多的不成熟因子，則難以從挫折中走出困境。多元學習經驗可以促使人開闊心胸，以接納新事物，並能拓展新視野，或將有助於自我防衛機制。本研究推論多元學習經驗豐富的大學生，在面對學習挫折時，自我防衛機制顯現較多的成熟因子、較少的不成熟因子。
由於會計系課業較為繁重，學生也感受較大的學習挫折與壓力，因此本研究以某大學會計系學生為研究對象，採用問卷調查法，回收問卷中，有效樣本計有552份。
研究結果顯示，男性有顯著較低的成熟自我防衛機制及較高的不成熟自我防衛機制，說明性別與自我防衛機制息息相關。另外，不及格科目數與成熟自我防衛機制呈顯著負相關，與不成熟自我防衛機制則呈顯著正相關。最後，多元學習經驗顯著提升成熟自我防衛機制，對於不成熟自我防衛機制卻無顯著相關。

關鍵字

多元學習 ； 自我防衛機制

並列摘要

Once people encounter difficulties or setbacks, they usually have a self-defense mechanism to reduce their inner anxiety. A mature self-defense mechanism can make people face things positively and actively solve problems. The immature self-defense mechanism makes people look at things negatively and avoid to touch problems. If the self-defense mechanism shows fewer mature factors and more immature factors, it is difficult to get out of the predicament from setbacks. Multiple learning experience can motivate people to broaden their minds, accept new things, and develop new horizons, which may improve self-defense mechanisms. This study infers that undergraduates with rich experiences in multiple learning, while facing learning setbacks, show more in mature self-defense mechanisms and less in immature self-defense mechanisms.
Since the courses in the department of accounting are more arduous, students always feel greater learning setbacks and pressures. Therefore, the research objects are undergraduates in the department of accounting, and the questionnaire survey method is adopted. The research sample includes 552 valid questionnaires.
The results show that male has significantly lower mature self-defense mechanisms and higher immature self-defense mechanisms, indicating that gender is closely related to self-defense mechanisms. In addition, the number of fail in courses is significantly negatively correlated with the mature self-defense mechanism, and is significantly positively correlated with the immature self-defense mechanism. Finally, the multiple learning experience significantly improves the mature self-defense mechanism, but there is no significant correlation with the immature self-defense mechanism.

並列關鍵字

Multiple learning ； Self-defense mechanism

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