When subjected to physiological stress such as heat stress or chemical stimulation, cells produce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which play an important role in coping with the stress and protecting cells from its harmful effects. HSPs act as regulators of apoptosis, either in the FasL or the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. pathway. Apoptosis regulated by HSPs also has an effect on inflammation of periodontal tissues, and many studies have proven that HSPs are closely associated with cardiovascular disease. In recent years, the link between periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease has gradually been established. This article reviews the roles of HSPs in apoptosis, periodontitis, and cardiovascular disease.
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