並列摘要
The wisdom in Dhyāna is a mechanism of Dialectics. By reading Dong Po's poem, we escape the anxiety that attacks us when we try to say something true about the world, and enjoy the wisdom in Dhyāna. This is the consoling function of fiction, the reason people tell stories, and have told stories from the beginning of time. And it has always been the paramount function of myth: to find a shape, a form, in the turmoil of human life. Apart from many aesthetic reasons, I think that we read dreams because they give us the comfortable sensation of living in worlds where the notion of truth is indisputable, while the actual world seems to be a more treacherous place. This alethic privilege of fictional worlds also provides us with some parameters for challenging farfetched interpretations of literary texts. By accepting the idea of dhyana, we have been caricaturing discussions about the ontology of fictional characters. What actually interests us is not the ontology of possible worlds and their inhabitants but the position of the reader. The model author, the narrator, and the reader must appear together because the model author and the reader are entities that became clear to each other only in the process of reading, so that each one creates the other.