利用訊號偵測理論探討不同風險喜好者之駕駛與決策行為表現

Using Signal Detection Theory to Compare Driving Behavior and Decision Making between Risk Seekers and Avoiders

黃孔良(Kung-Liang Huang) ； 陳敏生(Min-Sheng Chen)

《人因工程學刊》 9卷2期 (2007/12) Pp. 55-63

https://doi.org/10.6273/JES.2007.9(2).06

摘要

本研究利用行爲測量取代傳統自我評估方式進行風險分群，研究風險因素對駕駛行爲表現之影響。64位參與者進行實驗一風險分群任務與實驗二賭局接受度任務，並以區分之風險愛好者與風險規避者各16人進行實驗三駕駛模擬任務。實驗結果顯示，不同風險喜好者在跟車間距與路口決策上有顯著差異；但在行車速率上則無顯著差異。

關鍵字

訊號偵測理論 ； 風險行爲 ； 跟車行爲 ； 路口決策

並列摘要

A variety of tools are used to measure the judgment processes which predict the uncertainty. Signal detection theory provides a theoretical framework for forecasting human behavior and decision strategy. The purpose of this study is to apply a practical tool to divide subjects into different sensation seeking groups and examine the effects of risk taking on their driving behaviors. Three experiments are conducted in this study. In the first experiment, subjects are divided into three groups which are risk seekers, risk neutrals, and risk avoiders. Experiment 2 is manipulated to verify the finding of the first experiment. Subjects are requested to complete car following task at a distance chosen by the subjects. Only risk seekers and avoiders are chosen to be the subjects in the third experiment and their driving behaviors are observed and following distance is collected. The results showed that the following distance is closer by the risk seekers than avoiders. Besides, there is a significant difference on decision making in road interaction between risk seekers and avoiders. In this sense, signal detection theory is a reliable tool to predict driving behaviors.

並列關鍵字

Signal detection theory ； Risk seeker ； Risk avoider ； Car-following