家庭、機會與青少年偏差行為

Family, Opportunity, and Delinquency

許春金(Chuen-Jim Sheu) ； 吳奕嫺(Yi-Xian Wu) ； 莊宜佳(Yi Chia Chuang) ； 陳玉書(Yu-Shu Chen)

《青少年犯罪防治研究期刊》 9卷2期 (2018/01) Pp. 57-117

https://doi.org/10.29751/JRDP.201801_9(2).0002

摘要

家庭為許多犯罪學理論解釋偏差行為與犯罪的關鍵因子，本研究主要目的在探討家庭、機會與偏差行為的關係，運用許春金和陳玉書於2003-2004年對1,487名青少年調查資料，以檢驗非正式社會控制理論(如: 家庭結構、鄰里關係、家庭功能)、自我控制理論(如:低自我控制)和機會(如:偏差友伴和遊樂生活型態)等對青少年偏差行為的解釋力；研究結果發現，家庭功能較家庭結構對於低自我控制的影響力更為顯著，父母的不當管教為低自我控制傾向形成的主要原因；與雙親同住、家庭收入、低自我控制、偏差友伴和休閒生活等對青少年偏差行為具顯著影響力，尤以偏差友伴和低自我控制最具影響力；青少年偏差行為的發生必須同時具備有犯罪性與犯罪機會，而低自我控制提高偏差機會(如:遊樂生活休閒和偏差友伴)進而導致偏差行。青少年偏差行為的預防仍以家庭為核心，並須輔以機會的監控。

關鍵字

青少年 ； 家庭結構 ； 家庭功能 ； 低自我控制 ； 機會 ； 偏差行為

並列摘要

Family is the crucial factor to explain deviant behavior and crime for many criminological theories. The main purpose of this study is to explore the relationships among family, opportunity and delinquency. There were 1,487 adolescent survey data, collected by Chuen-Jim Sheu & Yu-Shu Chen in 2003-2004, used to examine the impact of Informal Social Control Theory (e g. the family structure, neighborhood relationship, and family function), The General Theory of Crime (e g. low self-control) and Opportunity Theory (e g. deviant peers and life style) on delinquency. Research findings have shown that the family function has more significant influence on low self-control than family structure. The poor parental supervise is the main cause of low self-control tendency. Living with parents, family income, low self-control, deviant peers and leisure life have significant influences on adolescent delinquency, especially deviant partner and low self-control. The occurrence of delinquency must be accompanied by criminality and criminal opportunities, and low self-control would promote the opportunities of deviant behavior, such as recreational life leisure and deviant companion, and then lead to deviation. The family is still the core to prevent juvenile delinquency and should be supplemented by the opportunity supervised.

並列關鍵字

adolescents ； family structure ； family function ； low self - control ； opportunity ； delinquency