花東縱谷北部客家鄉鎮的歷史淵源與當代社會特性簡述：以吉安鄉為中心

本文依據2011年1月至8月筆者擔任吉安鄉客家文化調查案之結果所改寫，在歷史面上主要利用日治時期人口統計資料的整理，詮釋並銜接與當代吉安鄉客家族群分布相關記載之斷層，在族群特性上，則藉由城鄉差異與今昔對照突顯東部客家族群在地化意義的轉變；受限於資料所得與篇幅限制，本文捨棄細瑣個案的描述，改以整體對照之方式，突顯花蓮市、吉安鄉兩地客家族群當代的社會特性差異，結果顯示吉安鄉客家族群之生活，相對保有來自於臺灣西部原居地的文化特色，花蓮市則因都市發展導致人口高度的流動，生活其中的客家族群與地方社會間的聯繫普遍較為薄弱，而客家二次移民昔日出現於在地化過程中的特性，迄今亦已產生了空間規模與本質上的轉變。

關鍵字

客家二次移民；花蓮市；吉安鄉；東臺灣

並列摘要

This article was rewritten on the basis of Hakka culture survey in Jian Township, Hualien County during January to August, 2011. It aims to fill the gaps between historical accounts and contemporary development of the local Hakka characteristics, and to represent the changing meanings of localization of Hakka culture by urban-rural differences and present-past comparisons. Instead of statistical trivialization, this article adopts a comparative approach to highlight the differences of Hakka social characteristics between Hualien city and Jian Township. It concludes that the traditional Hakka cultural properties were relatively complete in rural Jian Township, but gradually blurred in Hualien city. The essence and spatial scale of the localization of the Hakka second immigrants in Eastern Taiwan have been changing at nowadays.