TAIWANIA
臺灣大學生命科學院,正常發行
選擇卷期
- 期刊
A new species of Cryptocarya (Lauraceae), Cryptocarya sheikelmudiyana is described and illustrated. This new taxon characteristically differs from C. lawsonii with elliptic apiculate leaves and non-lenticellate, oblong, longitudinally ridged fruits with a constriction just below middle. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, photographs, a distribution map, notes on conservation status, numerical taxonomic analysis of sympatric species and keys are provided.
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The orchid species new for science, Cylindrolobus chienii (Orchidaceae) discovered on Chu Mu Mountain, M'Drak District, Dak Lak Province of southern Vietnam is described and illustrated. It morphologically close to C. gloensis and C. bidupensis but differs from them in glabrous 2-flowered inflorescence, calli on labellum and character of the lip indumentum.
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The genus Aspidistra has restricted distribution in Southeast Asia, Japan, and China, with more than 160 species. Hayata described three endemic species naturally occurring in Taiwan: Aspidistra attenuata Hayata, A. mushaensis Hayata, and A. daibuensis Hayata, but their descriptions in prologues are incomplete. Based on intensive field surveys, specimen observations, and literature consultations, we reexamine the morphology of these three species and further attempt to determine the diversity of this genus in Taiwan. Therefore, we confirm that there are four species in Taiwan, including one new species, A. longiconnectiva C.T. Lu, K.C. Chuang & J.C. Wang.
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Chromosomal morphology and behavior during the mitotic cell cycle and properties as to the DNA base composition in heterochromatin of Chamaelirium luteum from eastern North America were investigated by conventional and fluorescent banding methods. The chromosomes proved to have no primary constrictions; instead, they had unusually large heterochromatic monocentromeres termed ＂macrocentromeres＂ that were as thick as the chromosome arms and tended to protrude poleward at metaphase. It also became evident that the centromeres are rich in AT base pairs, whereas the satellites are GC-rich. Data suggested that the centromeric domains were tightly compacted almost through the cell cycle and situated at the nuclear periphery during telophase, interphase and prophase. The roles of centromeres and their causality to the property of centromeric DNA were discussed briefly. Some chromosomal traits of C. luteum were compared with those known for Asian congeners reported to have holocentromeres.
- 期刊
The present paper provides an account of section Crispidium (Müll. Hal.) Pursell & Brugg.-Nann. of Fissidens Hedw. subgenus Pachyfissidens (Müll. Hal.) Kindb. in Western Ghats, India along with description of a new variety F. crispulus var. nelliampathiae. Fissidens subangustus Fleisch. is also recorded here as new report for Kerala State. A brief taxonomic description, line drawing illustration and identification key to the species of the section are provided to facilitate their future easier identification.
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Aster kanoi S. W. Chung, W. J. Huang & T. C. Hsu (Asteraceae, Astereae), a new species from Taiwan, is described and illustrated. A. kanoi is morphologically similar to A. takasagomontanus Sasaki but can be distinguished by its slenderer rhizome, up to 7-headed corymbiform synflorescence, smaller capitulum and fimbriate-ciliate margin of phyllary. A lectotype of A. takasagomontanus is also designated due to the absence of the original holotype, and its morphological delimitation is reappraised.
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A new species of Helicteres (Malvaceae), H. daknongensis V.S.Dang & D.T.Bui from Gia Nghia district, Dak Nong province, southern Vietnam, is described and illustrated. This species is morphologically similar to H. viscida Blume and H. hirsuta Lour. but differs by having smaller petals and fruits, and different petal colour. A morphological description, photographs and a table comparing the new species with its closely related species are provided, as well as an updated key to Helicteres in Vietnam.
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The new species, Heterostemma carnosum is described, illustrated and compared with the similar species Heterostemma dalzellii. The two species differ in peduncle, pedicel and corolla size as well as in leaf shape.
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A taxonomic account of the genus Mycaranthes in Thailand is presented based on herbarium specimens and fresh material from field surveys. Five species are recognized including two new species records: M. clemensiae and M. latifolia. A key to the species, descriptions, and illustrations are provided. In addition, lectotypes of Eria clemensiae, E. kingii Hook.f., and Mycaranthes oblitterata are designated here.
- 期刊
Many regrowth forests have occurred in abandoned farmlands all over the world. The regrowth forests of 20-60 years old on abandoned farmlands and old-growth forests in a subtropical forest of Eastern Bhutan Himalaya are studied and their floristic and structural compositions are compared. A total of 64 and 43 plots were sampled in regrowth forests and old-growth forests respectively based on stratified random sampling method. Species richness of woody plants and predominant ground covers in regrowth forests is lower than old-growth forests though few of them show higher species richness in woody stems. Species composition of trees (≥5cm DBH) in younger regrowth forests (＜30 yrs.) and older regrowth forests (＞30 yrs.) show 10% and 42-51% of Bray Curtis similarity to their adjacent old-growth forests respectively. A total of 53% of trees and 63% of large saplings/shrubs (≤4cm DBH and ≥1m height) are shared species between two forest types. The top dominant species such as Betula alnoides Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don, Lithocarpus fenestratus (Roxb.) Rehder, Schima wallichi Choisy, and Itoa oreintalis Hemsl. in regrowth forests make distinct patches different from old-growth forests. Species composition of trees in regrowth forests retains the variation along the elevation gradient like old-growth forests. Land-use history of the regrowth forests has also affected the regeneration of forest. Basal area and density of trees in regrowth forests are close or even higher than old-growth forests. The regrowth forests reveal robust recovery of old-growth species and growth of unique species.