- 期刊
犬皮膚型圓形細胞瘤之細胞學與組織學特徵
Cytologic and Histologic Features of Cutaneous Round Cell Tumors in Dogs
摘要
本研究之目的在利用細胞學和組織學觀察犬皮膚型圓形細胞瘤之特徵。檢查之皮膚腫瘤包括組織細胞瘤、淋巴瘤、肥大細胞瘤、漿細胞瘤與傳染性花柳性腫瘤。由細胞學檢查可見傳染性花柳性腫瘤細胞之細胞質內含有多個空泡，且常在組胞膜內緣以鏈狀排列。細胞核具有明顯的核仁。組織細胞瘤之細胞膜邊緣不清楚，細胞核為多形性，呈凹陷或不規則形。淋巴瘤細胞亦含有多形性細胞核，此與其他三種圓形細胞瘤包括傳染性花柳性腫瘤、肥大細胞瘤和漿細胞瘤之細胞核多為圓形或卵圓形者不同。在Wright-Giemsa染色下，可見肥大細胞瘤之細胞含有大量之紫紅色組胞質顆粒，其細胞質的量是本研究之圓形細胞瘤中最多者。淋巴瘤細胞只含有少量之細胞質，且常被組胞核推擠至一側。其細胞核含有多個明顯、形狀不規則之核仁與污斑樣之核染質。漿細胞瘤常見雙核細胞。細胞中含有不定量的淡嗜鹼性細胞質，細胞核明顯偏位。由組織學檢查，傳染性花柳性腫瘤常可見纖細之膠原纖維基質將腫瘤細胞分隔成小型實質囊，腫瘤細胞間常有散在性淋巴樣細胞和漿細胞浸潤，常可見細胞有絲分裂現象。雖然.在組織細胞瘤可見到多處之淋巴樣細胞浸潤，但以腫瘤之底部最為明顯，且常以團聚樣式出現。相反的，淺層部分之腫瘤細胞常呈長索狀排列。細胞核為多形性。淋巴瘤組胞之細胞核亦為多形性，不規則的核形會呈凹陷形或旋繞形等。細胞核常存在多個形狀與大小不一的核仁，細胞質含量少且會被核推擠至一側。肥大細胞瘤常會侵入深部之肌肉層和廣泛性出血。可見雙核或多核之腫瘤細胞與多量之嗜酸性球浸潤。經由toluidine blue染色，可見有大區域的細胞之細胞質內存在異染性顆粒。漿細胞瘤細胞含有多量之嗜酸性細胞質和於核周圍有暈輪存在。常可見雙核或巨核細胞。因此由本研究之結果顯示，配合臨床學檢查，由上述之細胞學和組織學特徵可區分犬皮膚型圓形細胞瘤，應有助於臨床病例之診斷。
並列摘要
This investigation studied the features of canine cutaneous round cell tumors, including histiocytoma, lymphoma, mast cell tumor . plasmacytoma and transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) by cytologic and histologic examinations. Cytological ly, the TVT cells contained many vacuoles, which frequently are arrayed in chains along the inner surface of the cell membrane. The nuclei showed prominent nucleoli. The histiocytoma cells might have had ill-defined cell borders, and contained pleomorphic nuclei which had an indented or irregular shape. Both lymphoma and histiocytoma cells contained pleomorphic nuclei. However, they differed from the cells of three other cutaneous round cell tumors, i.e. TVT, mast cell tumor and plasmacytoma, in that their nuclei were round or oval in shape. The mast cell tumor cells contained the greatest amount of cytoplasm of all the round cell tumors studied. In Wright-Giemsa stain, they showed distinct purplish red granules in the cytoplasm. The lymphoma cells contained only a small amount of basophilic cytoplasm, which was frequently displaced to one side of the cell membrane by the nucleus. Their nuclei had multiple prominent, irregular-shaped nucleoli with smudged chromatin patterns. The plasmacytoma frequently showed binucleated cells. The cells showed a variable amount of light basophilic cytoplasm with an eccentrically located nucleus. Histologically, the TVT cells were frequently arranged in small solid pockets that were surrounded by the delicate collagenous fibrous stroma. The lymphoid and plasma cells were scattered throughout the whole tumor. Mitotic figures were frequently observed. Although the multiple clusters of lymphoid infiltrations were frequently present in the histiocytoma, they were most obvious at the bottom of the tumor mass. In contrast, the cells at the superficial dermis were arrayed in long cords. The nuclei of histiocytoma cells were pleomorphic. The nuclear shape of lymphoma cells was also pleomorphic, frequently appearing indented or convoluted. The nuclei usually showed multiple nucleoli in various shapes and sizes. The cells contianed only small amount of cytoplasm, which was displaced to one side of the cell membrane by the nucleus. Mast cell tumors frequently invaded into the deeper muscle tissue, and showed extensive hemorrhage in the tumor. The tumors involved binucleated or multiple nucleated cells with profused eosinophilic infiltrations. Metachromatic granules were visible in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells over a large area, under toluidine blue stain. Plasmacytoma cells contained a large amount of eosinophilic cytoplasm in the presence of perinuclear halo. Binucleated or giant nucleated tumor cells were frequently seen. Therefore, the results indicated that under a clinical examination, cytology and histology are helpful procedures in differentiating canine cutaneous round cell tumors in clinical cases.