- 期刊
消防衣材料熱防護及熱傳遞性能研究
A Study on Heat Transfer and Thermal Protective Properties of Clothing Materials for Firefighters' Protective Clothing
摘要
消防人員通常必須在高溫作業環境下穿著高度防護性且厚重的服裝執行重度負荷的勤務，消防衣一方面需能保護穿著者以防直接的火焰接觸或者由火源散發的輻射熱及對流熱所造成的危害，然而另一方面這類高度防護的服裝材料卻會妨礙從皮膚到環境間熱流及濕氣的傳遞，因而造成消防人員於執行勤務中承受熱應力的危害。目前還沒有一個客觀的方法可以評估消防人員的熱應力，因此建立相關的評估機制相當重要，本研究採用發熱發汗軀幹以模擬人體不同活動量，並進行一系列實驗以評估其熱阻抗(Rct)、濕阻抗(Ret)、總熱流失量(THL)及熱防護性(TPP)，以選擇在不同服裝應用情況下最佳的材料組合。結果顯示熱阻抗值越高的消防衣組合材料具有較佳的熱防護指數，但在熱生理模擬實驗中則顯示出較差的趨勢；此外，#4的消防服組合亦比#2的組合顯示較佳的濕傳遞性質。
並列摘要
Firefighters are often forced to do severe jobs in a hot environment, wearing highly insulating and weighty clothing. On one hand, a firefighter's garment should protect the wearer against the negative effect of either direct flame contact or the radiant and convective heat emitted by fires. On the other hand, the flow of heat and moisture from the skin to the environment is impeded by the clothing materials. As a result, firefighters may suffer from heat stress when wearing the protective clothing in different environmental conditions. Currently, it is not easy to evaluate the phenomenon of heat stress of a firefighter in an objective approach. The purpose of this study was to investigate the heat transfer capability and the thermal protective property of the clothing materials on the effect of firefighter's garment wearing performance. A comprehensive experimental work was conducted on a series of fabric combinations for different layers of firefighter's garments to examine their thermal resistance (Rct), evaporative resistance (Ret), total heat loss (THL), and thermal protective performance (TPP). A sweating torso was also used to simulate the physiological behavior. It was found that a high thermal resistance of a clothing system showed good results in TPP test but was problematic in physiological tests. Besides, comparing with the same underwear, garment system #4 performs better than #2 with regard to the moisture transmission feature.