伴隨冬季寒潮爆發之冷鋒過境前後松山機場氣象條件與天氣現象之合成研究

A Composite Study of Meteorological Conditions and Weather Phenomena at Taipei Airport during the Cold Front Passage Associated with Winter Cold Air Outbreaks

陳泰然(George Tai-Jen Chen) ； 林銘作(Kevin M. T. Lin)

《大氣科學》 8卷1期 (1981/05) Pp. 53-65

摘要

本文以最低溫度之變化定義寒潮爆發及寒潮種類。針對1967～1977年間12月～2月之22個伴隨冷鋒過境之寒潮個案，利用台北松山機場地面觀測，板橋或桃園探空資料及中央氣象局、民航局、日本氣象廳之天氣間，以分析冷鋒過境前後22個個案之空間合成結構。並依綜觀天氣形勢將22個寒潮分為三類，以分析各類之時間合成結構。發現除溫度外，其餘各項氣象因子或天氣要素包括風、氣壓、露點、相當位溫、霧、霾、能見度、雲冪、降水、垂直風切等在鋒面過境前後均有顯著改變，各類寒潮間亦存在顯著之差異。

並列摘要

Twenty- two cases of cold air outbreaks accompanying cold-front passage, as defined by the changes of minimum temperature, are chosen during the period of December-February, 1967 - 1977. Data employed include surface observations a t Taipei Airport, upper air observations at Taipei or Taoyuan and weather maps of Chinese Central Weather Bureau, Chinese Civil Aeronautics Administration and Japan Meteorological Agency. Data of these 22 cases are composited at various distances with respect to the moving cold front. Also, 22 cases are divided into three categories based on the synoptic, situations. Time composites are made with respect to the frontal passage at Taipei Airport for each category. Results show that there are significant differences ahead and behind the front for all the meteorological factors and weather e l e men t s except temperature. Remarkable differences also exist among three categories of cold air outbreaks.