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臺北都會區豪雨型午後雷暴的觀測特徵與預報挑戰:2015年6月14日個案研究

Observational Characteristics and Forecast Challenge of Taipei Flash Flood Afternoon Thunderstorm: Case Study of 14 June 2015

摘要


本論文針對2015年6月14日台北都會區豪雨型午後雷暴進行觀測與特徵分析,主要發現有:(1)豪雨型午後雷暴的特徵為短延時強降雨,伴隨顯著對流胞的合併,胞合併不僅加大對流面積,也顯著增大強回波厚度。(2)有利胞合併之環境條件主要為強化的低層輻合場,在本個案中強化的低層輻合是由潮濕的海風環流和稍早對流降雨蒸發所導致的冷池-外流邊界所形成。(3)胞合併前後雙偏極化雷達參數產生顯著變化,包括Zdr的柱狀結構,為正且大值之Zdr往上延伸超過融解層2~3公里,是混合態水象粒子存在的特徵,和強上衝流密切相關。Kdp也呈現柱狀結構,和回波反射率有很好的相關,有潛力成為劇烈降雨的預報指標。低層Kdp和劇烈降雨強度有很好的相關,表示Kdp是很好的定量降雨估計的參數。本論文最後也針對豪雨型午後雷暴的可預測度問題進行討論。

並列摘要


In the paper, observational characteristics of urban flash flood in Taipei basin associated with afternoon thunderstorm of 14 June 2015 are examined. The major findings include: (1) urban flash flood associated with afternoon thunderstorm is characterized with extreme rainfall intensity with short duration and is closely related to the merge of severe convective cells. The merge of convective cells produces enlarged precipitation area and strong echoes which can extend to a much higher altitude. (2) Enhanced horizontal convergence produced by the sea breeze circulation and cold outflow from earlier developed storms is favorable for cell merge. (3) Significant variations on the structure and distribution of polarimetric variables before and after cell merge are identified. Column of Zdr extended 2~3 km above the melting layer is the manifestation of mixed phase hydrometeors existence and indicative of strong updraft. The appearance of Kdp column suggests potential of heavy rainfall and can be served as a good index for quantitative precipitation estimation. Predictability of urban flash flood complex storms and its implication for nowcasting is also discussed.

被引用紀錄


Lai, Y. T. (2015). 應用於行動健康照護之智慧感測 [doctoral dissertation, National Chiao Tung University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6842/NCTU.2015.00188
Hsu, T. Y. (2010). 以聚乙烯酚和聚乙烯酚-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物介電層製成五苯環素有機薄膜電晶體之研究 [master's thesis, National Chiao Tung University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6842/NCTU.2010.00493
繆炯恩(2017)。2015年6月14日臺北盆地劇烈午後雷暴個案之高解析度模擬研究〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201704067
鄭哲榮(2017)。應用分段線性聯合最佳化與主成份速度追蹤改進ABLER法降水系統移速場估計〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU201702343
Tong, C. C. (2009). 西南氣流實驗期間之降水特徵與相關環境型態 [master's thesis, National Taiwan University]. Airiti Library. https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2009.02397

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