細說宜蘭漳州腔hun^(55[33])su^(55)的成因及其相關議題

On the Derivation of hun^(55[33]) su^(55) in the Yilan Zhangzhou Dialect and Its Related Issues

許慧娟(Hsu Hui-chuan)

《清華學報》 49卷2期 (2019/06) Pp. 337-398

https://doi.org/10.6503/THJCS.201906_49(2).0005

摘要

本文根據諸多方言材料，訴諸舌根塞音塞擦化、塞擦音簡化、口腔發音部位解除三條規律，解釋宜蘭漳州腔「身軀」今讀hun^(55[33]) su^(55)，並著眼方言差異及詞彙擴散，根據規律演變的邏輯順序推測可能的方言形式，最終一一獲得證實。本文還主張以諧聲為軸，適度跳脫中古分類，再依循方言橫向比較的內在邏輯，合理演繹語音的縱向發展。兩個理論意義是：（一）有別於文獻將部分端透定母字讀作塞擦音視為後起的音變，本文論證不排除存古。（二）方言偶發的端組塞音讀如見組、見組塞音讀如端組，並非單純的塞音移轉，而分別體現舌根塞音塞擦化及塞擦音簡化的未然和已然。

關鍵字

舌根塞音塞擦化 ； 塞擦音簡化 ； 口腔發音部位解除 ； 諧聲

並列摘要

Based on a wide range of dialect materials, this paper appeals to velar stop affrication, affricate simplification, and debuccalization to explain the pronunciation of hun^(33) su^(55) 'body' in the Yilan Zhangzhou dialect. Possible onset predictions following logical orders of rule development from the viewpoints of dialect variation and lexical diffusion are all empirically borne out. With Xiesheng 諧 聲 as a pivot, it is suggested that more attention be paid to synchronic phonologies rather than ancient rhyme books. Two theoretical implications lie in: (a) sporadic affricate pronunciations of Middle-Chinese Duan 端, Tou 透, and Ding 定 initials reflect ancient relics, as opposed to a later sound change advocated in previous literature; (b) sporadic pronunciations of velar stops for Middle-Chinese Duan, Tou and Ding initials and dental stops for Middle-Chinese Jian 見, Xi 溪, and Qun 群 initials do not simply indicate stop conversion, but rather manifest incomplete and complete velar stop affrication and affricate simplification, respectively.

並列關鍵字

velar stop affrication ； affricate simplification ； debuccalization ； Xiesheng諧聲

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