Evaluating Dietary Quality in Diabetes by the Healthy Eating Index

在北塞普勒斯，糖尿病與糖尿病引發的併發症正逐漸成為重要健康議題。北塞普勒斯成人中，12.2%患有糖尿病；且所有心血管疾病的患者中，90%亦患有糖尿病。本篇研究主要目的是，評估北塞普勒斯糖尿病者的營養習慣，以提出建議來改善其飲食習慣，預防日後糖尿病所導致的併發症。利用健康飲食指標（HEI），根據24小時食物攝取量，來評估北塞普勒斯糖尿病患者的飲食品質。從尼古西亞Dr. Burhan Nalbantoğlu中央醫院的門診病人中隨機挑選200位糖尿病患者為研究對象。參與者需完成24小時食物攝取量和多項食物攝取頻率之問卷。糖尿病參與者的HEI平均分數為58.8分。健康飲食指標分項分數，如飽和脂肪、蔬菜、乳製品和肉類攝取的分數皆低於5分；然而，脂肪、膽固醇、水果、穀類和鈉攝取的平均分數皆高於5分。健康飲食指標之分項中，以肉類的平均分數3.3分為最低。肉類與營養素多樣性攝取的分項分數，在男女性間有顯著差異。總之，本篇研究結果顯示，北塞普勒斯糖尿病患者，應藉由減少飽和脂肪攝取，並增加蔬菜、肉類和奶類攝取，以改善其飲食。

關鍵字

糖尿病；飲食品質；身體質量指數；營養狀況；營養素

並列摘要

Diabetes and diabetes-induced complications is a rising health concern in Northern Cyprus. Of the adult population in Northern Cyprus, 12.2% has diabetes and 90% of all individuals suffering from cardiovascular disease are people with diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate nutritional habits of people with diabetes in Northern Cyprus in order to make the necessary recommendations to improve their eating habits to prevent diabetes-induced complications. We used the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) to evaluate dietary quality of people with diabetes in Northern Cyprus based on their 24-hour food intake. A total of 200 participants with diabetes were selected randomly from the out-patient clinic of Dr. Burhan Nalbantoğlu central hospital in Nicosia. Individuals were asked to complete a questionnaire to determine their 24-hour food intake and frequency of intake of various food substances. The mean HEI score for the subjects with diabetes was 58.8. The HEI component scores for saturated fat, vegetables, dairy products and meat consumption were less than 5, whereas average scores for fat, cholesterol, fruits, grains, and sodium consumption were more than 5. The meat component of the HEI had the lowest mean score (3.3). There was statistical significance between male and female subjects regarding the HEI scores for meat and nutrient variety intake. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that subjects with diabetes in Northern Cyprus should improve their diet by decreasing their intake of saturated fat and by increasing their intake of vegetables, meat and milk.

並列關鍵字

diabetes Mellitus ； dietary quality ； BMI ； nutritional status ； nutrient

參考文獻

Mosorovic N, Brkic S, Nuhbegovic S, Pranjic N. Quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J HealthMED . 2012;6:176-80.

Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, Genuth SM, Lachin JM, Orchard TJ, Raskin P, Zinman B; Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study Research Group. Intensive diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Eng J Med. 2005; 353:2643-53.

Whiting DR, Guariguato L, Weil C, Show J. IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global estimates of prevalence of diabetes for 2011 and 2030. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011;31:311-21. doi: 10. 1016/j.diabres.2011.10.029

Rydén L, Standl E, Bartnik M, Van den Berghe G, Betteridge J, de Boer MJ et al. Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC); European Association for the study of Diabetes (EASD). Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular disease: executive summary. The task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J. 2007;28:88-136. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehl260

Fowler MJ. Microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. Clinical Diabetes. 2008; 26:77-82. doi: 10.2337/ diaclin.26.2.77

國際替代計量

Evaluating Dietary Quality in Diabetes by the Healthy Eating Index

全文下載

主題瀏覽