希臘文動詞εlvαι(to be)—對柏拉圖《理想國》476d-480e的詮釋

The Greek verb ε l ν α l (to be)-An Interpretation of Plato's Republic 1760-480e

徐學庸(Hsei-Yung Hsu)

《哲學與文化》 26卷7期 (1999/07) Pp. 623-631

https://doi.org/10.7065/MRPC.199907.0623

摘要

至今，在柏拉圖學者間，對於如何詮釋柏拉圖《理想國》476d-480e仍無定論。因為希臘文動词εlναι的語意含糊，具有多重意義，造成對這段文字詮釋上的困難。本文目的是在討論εlναι的各種不同的意義，進而找出最適於這段文字的解釋。第一部份是有關存在性意義的討論，第二部份是有關真實性意義的討論，第三部份是有關描述性意義的討論。在討論的過程中，我將指出為什麼第一與第二義的用法在這段原文中並不恰當，只有第三種意義可以給予這段原文完整而合理的詮釋。

關鍵字

是 ； 知識 ； 信念 ； 機能

並列摘要

There is so far no agreement among Plato's commentators ass to how to interpret the Greek verb at v a t at the passage 476d-480e of the Republic. For the ambiguity and multi-meaning of the very cause difficulty in interpreting tne passage in question. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different meanings of the verb ε l v a l to see which one of them is the suitable candidate for interpreting the present passage. The first part of this paper is on the existential sense of the verb; the second part is on the veridical sense; and the final part of the paper is on the predicative sense. In the course of discussion, I shall show the reasons why the first and second sense of the verb ε l v α l cannot fit on with the passage ,only can the third one give a complete and reasonable account of it.

並列關鍵字

to be (ε l v α l) ； Knowledge ； Belief ； Faculty (δ v v α u l s)