儲備國小教師面對教師甄試壓力的因應方式與身心健康之研究

A Study on the Relationship between the Stress-Coping Styles and Physical/Psychological Health of Reserved Primary School Teacher during Teacher-Recruiting Process

陳淑芳(Shu-Fang Chen) ； 王緒中(Louis S. C. Wang) ； 李明憲(Min-Shin Lee)

《中華心理衛生學刊》 21卷1期 (2008/03) Pp. 27-50

https://doi.org/10.30074/FJMH.200803_21(1).0002

摘要

研究目的：本文在探討儲備國小教師面對教師甄試壓力的因應方式與身心健康之關係。研究方法：使用「中國人健康問卷」、「因應方式量表」為研究工具，以2005年台北縣、中部四縣市（台中市、南投縣、彰化縣、雲林縣）和花蓮縣參加聯合甄試報名的儲備國小教師為研究對象，共發出726份問卷，有效問卷為551份。研究結果：本研究發現，有超過一半(53.7%)的儲備國小教師身心健康狀況偏向不佳。在因應方式的使用頻率上依序為問題／積極因應、情緒／積極因應、問題／消極因應、情緒／消極因應。在個人背景變項，不同「婚姻狀況」、「最高學歷」、「代課經驗」和「參加教甄年數」在身心健康上有差異存在；不同「性別」、「家中經濟來源」、「取得教師資格管道」在因應方式上有差異存在。從逐步多元迴歸預測中發現當採用情緒消極因應與問題積極因應的頻率越高，其身心健康越差。研究結論：從本文資料中發現採用問題積極因應方式來因應教師甄試考試壓力似乎是不可行的，因儲備國小教師面對的是一個不可控制的壓力源，因此建議改以情緒積極因應或問題消極因應的方式來因應，對身心健康狀況的影響可降至最小。

關鍵字

儲備國小教師 ； 教師甄試 ； 身心健康 ； 中國人健康問卷 ； 壓力因應方式量表

並列摘要

Purpose: The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between the stress-coping styles and physical/psychological health of reserved primary school teachers during teacher-recruiting process.
Methods: There are two questionnaires, the Chinese Health Questionnaire (CHQ-30) and the Stress Coping Styles Questionnaire (SCSQ) were passed toward reserved primary school teachers during recruiting process in Taipei, central Taiwan and Hualien in June 2005. There are 551 reserved primary school teachers (87 male and 464 female; age range: 22-43) participated in this study.
Results: The CHQ-30 scores indicate that more than 53.7% reserved primary school teachers' physical/psychological health is unhealthy. The marriage status, educational level, teaching experience and past teacher-recruiting experience are the significant factors of their physical/psychological health. The SCSQ scores show that gender, family income type and educational background have influence on those reserved primary school teachers' stress-coping styles. Correlation analyses indicate that different stress-coping styles have different degrees of influence on their physical and psychological health. Stepwise Multiple Regression Analyses indicate that the physical/psychological health of reserved primary school teachers is negatively related with emotion-indirect coping style and problem-direct coping style.
Conclusion: Due to the uncontrollable stress of teacher-recruiting process, it is not probable to cope with it in problem-direct style. The research results suggest that the impact on physical and psychological health can be reduced if the emotion-direct and/or problem-indirect coping styles were used in the teacher-recruiting process.

並列關鍵字

reserved primary school teacher ； teacher-recruiting process ； physical/psychological health ； Chinese Health Questionnaire ； Stress-coping Styles Questionnaire

參考文獻

王珮玲(1989)。高中聯考壓力與國中生身心健康之研究。台北市立師範學院學報。20，337-374。

毛國楠(1995)。國中教師的樂觀信念、自我效能、對壓力的認知評估、因應方式與工作調適及身心健康的關係。教育心理學報。28，177-193。

李金治(2003)。國立台灣師範大學四年級學生生活壓力、因應方式、社會支持與其身心健康之相關研究。國立台灣師範大學衛生教育學系。

李文銓(1991)。內外控、工作特性、工作壓力與工作滿足、身心健康間之關係。國立政治大學心理研究所。

沈志仁(1988)。精神病患者家屬壓力源、應對策略與健康狀況的探討。國立台灣大學護理研究所。