音樂療法於改善機構失智老人認知、行為問題及憂鬱之成效探討

Effects of Music Therapy on Cognition, Behavior Problems, and Depression among Demented Older Adults in Long-Term Care Facilities

董曉婷(Hsiao-Ting Tung) ； 陳桂敏(Kuei-Min Chen)

《實證護理》 3卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 309-318

https://doi.org/10.6225/JEBN.3.4.309

摘要

本研究旨於測試音樂療法於機構中失智老人其認知、行為問題及憂鬱之成效，採類實驗性重複測量設計，以方便取樣方式，選取高雄縣市及屏東市居住於長期照護機構中，65歲以上之輕中度失智老人，可國、台語溝通，且無聽力障礙者，排除絕對臥床者。共收案68人，介入組33人，進行為期三個月，每週兩次，每次一小時之音樂療法；比較組35人則維持一般日常生活活動，兩組於活動介入前進行前測、並於進行後第四、八及12週進行後測。測量工具包含有簡易智能量表、行為量表及失智症憂鬱量表。結果顯示參與音樂療法之失智老人於認知狀態有顯著的差異(p = .000)，且於第八週及第12週達到效果。行為問題上顯著低於未參與者(p = .007)。在憂鬱狀態上亦有顯著的改善(p=.019)，且於第12週達到最大效果。依其結果，建議於機構常規活動中，可將音樂療法納入其中，以改善失智老人之生活品質，並可減輕照顧者負荷。

關鍵字

失智老人 ； 音樂療法 ； 長期照護機構

並列摘要

This study used a quasi-experimental design to examine the effectiveness of music therapy on the cognition, behavior problems and depression of demented older adults in long-term care facilities. A convenience sampling strategy was used in long-term care facilities in the cities of Kaohsiung and Pingtung to select patients aged 65 and older with mild stage dementia who were neither hearingimpaired nor bed-ridden. Out of the 68 subjects who completed the study, 33 were in the intervention group and 35 were in the comparison group. The intervention group received music therapy for one hour, twice a week for 12 weeks, while the comparison group maintained their daily activities. Measuring instruments included the Mini-Mental Status Examination, the Clifton Assessment Procedures for the Elderly-Behaviour Rating Scale and the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia. Besides the baseline, two-way repeated measures were used to assess the two groups in the fourth week, the eighth week, and the twelfth week. The results revealed that the subjects who received music therapy improved significantly in terms of cognitive status (p= .000), especially at eight weeks and 12 weeks. Significant improvement was also revealed in relation to behaviour problems (p = .007). Depression was also significantly improved (p = .019), especially at 12 weeks. In the light of these findings, the authors recommend the establishment of music therapy as a regular activity for demented older adults, in the hope that it might improve their quality of life and alleviate the burden of caregivers.

並列關鍵字

demented older adults ； music therapy ； long-term care facilities