Ethephon Treatment Promotes Flower Formation in Bougainvillea

益收生長素促進九重葛花芽之形成

劉芳吟(Fang-Yin Liu) ； 張育森(Yu-Sen Chang)

《Botanical Studies》 52卷2期 (2011/04) Pp. 183-189

摘要

九重葛為熱帶及亞熱帶重要的觀賞盆花。以不同枝條成熟度的九重葛枝條（營養生長枝條、刺花序軸肥大的枝條、花苞可見的枝條、已開花枝條）處理益收生長素(ethephon)，觀察不同枝條成熟度對九重葛生長及開花之影響。結果顯示：九重葛在營養生長時期，施用ethephon可以加速枝條成熟，促進九重葛的花芽形成，顯示出乙烯會促進九重葛的花芽形成，且因營養生長時期其內生ACC含量低於生殖生長階段，故此時處理ethephon可提高九重葛內生乙烯含量而達到促進花芽形成之效果；而在生殖生長時期（刺花序軸肥大、花苞可見和盛花），因此時內生ACC含量高於營養生長階段，故此時處理ethephon會因過多的乙烯而抑制花芽發育，反而不利之後花苞的發育，甚至會造成嚴重的落苞及落葉現象。故推論在不同枝條成熟度處理乙烯對九重葛花芽形成有不同的影響，在營養生長時期乙烯可促進九重葛花芽形成，但在生殖生長時期則否，在九重葛花期調節上具有雙向之作用。由以上結果可得知枝條成熟度的時期對九重葛的花芽形成甚為重要，而乙烯扮演一關鍵之角色。

關鍵字

ACC含量 ； 九重葛 ； 益收生長素 ； 乙烯 ； 花芽形成 ； 枝條成熟度

並列摘要

Bougainvillea (Bougainvillea spp.) is an economically important ornamental flower in subtropical and tropical regions. This study examined bougainvillea shoots of different developmental stages, e.g., vegetative shoot, flowering shoot stage 1 with fully-developed thorn-inflorescence axis (FS1), flowering shoot stage 2 with visible flower bud (FS2), and flowering shoot stage 3 with blooming shoot (FS3) following their treatment with ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid). Experimental results indicated that ethephon treatment of bougainvillea's vegetative shoot accelerates its shoot maturity and enhances flower formation. The same treatment also increases endogenous ethylene production of the vegetative shoot, subsequently facilitating flower formation whereby the endogenous ACC content is lower than that of reproductive shoots (FS1, FS2, and FS3). Moreover, the ethephon treatment of reproductive bougainvillea shoots increases the ACC content beyond that of the vegetative shoot. Therefore, reproductive shoots produced more ethylene than vegetative shoots, subsequently inhibiting the development of flowers or even causing serious abscission of flower buds and leafs. This reveals that the role of ethylene in regulating the flowering control of bougainvillea is bidirectional. Results of this study demonstrate the significance of shoot maturity in the growth and flowering of the bougainvillea in which ethylene plays a major role.

並列關鍵字

ACC content ； Bougainvillea spp. ； Ethephon ； Ethylene ； Flower formation ； Shoot developmental stages