Pseudallin, a New Antibiotic Produced by the Human Pathogenic Fungus Pseudallescheria Boydii, with Ecological Significance

Pseudallescheria boydii是一個新興的人體病原真菌，引起免疫功能低及免疫功能正常的病患發生嚴重疾病。最近的研究結果顯示此真菌能產生抑制物質，能防治由Alternaria brassicicola造成的甘藍黑斑病，當它纏據在土壤中的植物組織會產生抑制物質，故具有很強的腐生能力並廣泛的存在土壤之中。本研究中，將P. boydii培養液冷凍乾燥，以酒精進行萃取後，以矽膠管柱進行層析，分離出四個沖提物，再以矽膠管柱層析法純化具活性之沖提物。1號化合物的結構鑑定為6-6’-bis(2H-pyran-3-carbaldehyde)ether，為一天然的物質，具強抑制A. brassicicola，這個新的抗生素為黃色油狀物，分子量為234，命名為Pseudallin。就我們所知，這是第一個報導由非皮膚癬菌之人體病原真菌產生的抗生素。這個研究結果顯示P. boydii產生的抗生素的重要性，抗生素的產生提供該菌在土壤植物殘體中腐生纏據的競爭力，也可以解釋它普遍存在的原因。

關鍵字

十字花科蔬菜黑斑病菌；抗生素；黑斑病；人體病原菌；植物病害防治；波氏假性黴樣菌；假性黴樣素

並列摘要

Pseudallescheria boydii is an emerging fungal human pathogen causing serious disease in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Recent report showed that this fungus is capable of controlling black leaf spot of cabbage caused by Alternaria brassicicola by producing a fungistatic substance strongly inhibitory to fungi. Production of the inhibitory substance by P. boydii during colonization of plant tissues in soil appears to account for its strong competitive saprophytic ability and widespread occurrence in soil. In this study, freeze-dried powder of liquid culture of P. boydii was extracted with ethanol and fractionated on silica gel column to give four fractions. The most active fraction was further purified by silica gel chromatography. The resulting compound 1 was structurally characterized as 6-6’-bis (2H-pyran-3-carbaldehyde) ether which is a new natural product showing strong inhibitory activity against A. brassicicola. The new antibiotic, a yellow oil with a molecular weight of 234, was named pseudallin. To our knowledge, this is the first report of antibiotic production by a non-dermatophyte human pathogenic fungus. Results from this study indicate the importance of antibiotic production in competitive saprophytic colonization of plant debris by P. boydii in soil, which in turn may explain its widespread occurrence.

並列關鍵字

Alternaria brassicicola ； Antibiotic ； Black leaf spot ； Human pathogen ； Plant disease control ； Pseudallescheria boydii ； Pseudallin

國際替代計量

Pseudallin, a New Antibiotic Produced by the Human Pathogenic Fungus Pseudallescheria Boydii, with Ecological Significance

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