台灣競技運動發展歷程之研究（1949－2008）

The Research on the Development of Competitive Sports in Taiwan

魏香明(Shiang-Ming Wei)

《大專體育學術專刊》 97年度 (2008/05) Pp. 7-16

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200805_97.0002

摘要

本研究採質性研究法，透過文獻資料、專家訪談來進行研究。再以策略思維的解析模式，以論述台灣競技運動的體制形成，與其對國家社會的歷史貢獻。目的在剖析台灣競技運動當前管理模式和運作機制中存在的問題，意圖提出較利於台灣發展的體制思維與建議，以為進一步完善國家競技運動體制政策作參考。研究結果：一、台灣競技運動的發展歷經四個階段。二、前二階段（1949－1973）政府投入力量太少，民間體育團體作為有限，軍中大力提倡體育活動，填補了階段發展空間。三、第三階段（1973－1998）教育部體育司主政，結合中華體協、中華奧會、全國各單項運動協會，大力推動社會體育，基本上初步建立起政府與民間合作，共同推展競技運動的縱向選、訓、賽的管理運作機制。四、第四階段（1998－迄今）行政院體育委員會主政，勠力建立典章制度、建構多元訓練環境、建置運科支援體系等，以組織法制化、行政效率化、訓練系統化、參賽績效化為目標，積極展現新的體育發展氣象與力量。以上各階段在台灣競技運動發展的過程中，都留存著時代的意義與歷史貢獻。當國家體育專責機構體委會成立10週年慶的今天，我們自應檢視過往的優點，借鑒世界體育強國的良方，來規劃布局具有台灣特色的國家競技運動發展策略。

關鍵字

行政院體育委員會 ； 教育部體育司 ； 中華全國體育協進會 ； 體育政策

並列摘要

This study utilizes qualitative research methodology, which includes analysis of relevant documents and materials and in depth interview with experts in the field. It uses a strategic mode of thinking to examine how policies toward competitive sports were developed in Taiwan and what contributions they made to our country's social history. The purpose of this research is to analyze Taiwan's competitive sports management system in the past, and the problems inherent in its operation, so that we can come up with a better systemic thinking for competitive sports development. It hoped that suggestions made by this research can be used to provide reference for future national competitive sports management policymaking. The results of this research are as follows: 1. Four distinctive phases can be identified in the history of Taiwan's competitive sports development. 2. The first two phases (1949-1973) is characterized by lack of government initiatives, limited involvement by civic sports organizations, and promotion of sports mainly by the military. 3. The third phase (1973-1998) is characterized by the central role played by the Ministry of Education in uniting National Sports Federation, Olympic Committee and individual sports associations to strongly promote sports in society. In the process, a basic form of cooperation was built between government and civic organizations. The development of competitive sports took a big step in this phase when policies of selecting and training for national teams and sending them to competitions were formally established. 4. The fourth phase (1998-present) is characterized by the central role played by the Sports Affairs Council in providing even stronger policies that sought to achieve the following: Build multi-functional training environment, establish sports science support, provide legal basis for athletic associations, improve the effectiveness of sports administration, create systems for training, and make people accountable for their goals and results. In this phase, these policies brought strength and momentum to the development of competitive sports. To understand each of the above four phases in the development of competitive sports, one must keep in mind the time period in which they take place and their historical contribution. On the 10th anniversary of the founding of our country's highest sports authority, Sports Affairs Council, we should evaluate what has worked well for us in the past, and examine what has worked well for other great sports countries, in order that we can plan strategies for national competitive sports development that work for Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

Sports Affairs Council ； Executive Yuan ； Ministry of Education in uniting National Sports Federation ； Individual sports associations to strongly promote sports in society ； physical education policy