社區菜園參與對社區連結之關係探討

Exploring the ties between community attachment and community gardens

李樂怡(Lok Yi Lorraine Lee)

指導教授 ： 鄭佳昆

國立臺灣大學/生物資源暨農學院/園藝暨景觀學系/碩士(2015年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2015.01964

摘要

社區是人們共同生活的區域，而社區連結屬於地方連結的一種，為人們與社區之間的情感連結 (Trentelman, 2009)。人地情感關係一直是很多學術領域（包括景觀、環境心理學和地理）的研究主題之一，過去有許多學者指出社區環境、社區人口狀況、鄰里關係均影響人對社區的看法。Kasarda 和Janowitz (1974) 研究發現居住時間越長，社區連結則越強。社區連結對社會發展很重要，因為社區連結能夠提供穩定性、安全性和熟悉感。

近年來都市居民追日益求生活品質，越來越重視都市生活空間綠化。於發展歷史悠久的都市來說，未開發空間供應不足。因此，不少人們利用都市暫時性空間進行綠化，其中可食性景觀是熱門選擇之一。不少文獻指出，社區菜園有很多效益，包括活化都市環境、提升社區連結、促進鄰里互動、推廣生態永續等。過去研究主要探討社區菜園對使用者的影響；然而社區菜園空間有限，能夠參與種菜的人數沒能覆蓋所有社區居民；空間亦未能如公園綠地開放給所有居民使用。有關社區非使用者，特別是完全沒有參與菜園活動的居民的看法和影響亦尚未有充足的了解。

臺北市政府最近實施田園城市政策，期望將臺北市打造成為了一座綠色生活的田園城市，臺北市的田園城市社區推廣中心亦於今年成立。由此推測，未來臺北市地區將有更多可食性景觀，社區菜園認養數目也在逐漸增加當中；社區菜園的功能與效益非常需要進一步的探討。為了深入了解社區菜園對不同居民社區連結的影響，本研究以臺北市三處暫時性開放型社區菜園（位於松山區和中正區）為例，以現地問卷方式訪問居民，並進行開放性訪談。研究結果發現，無論是直接參與者、間接參與者還是非參與者，社區菜園設置對他們的社區連結帶來不同程度上的正向改變。整體而言，受訪居民對社區菜園的接受度高。由於目前很多社區菜園建立在暫時性土地使用空間，建議未來研究可以探討社區連結於社區菜園推動期間的變化，供未來都市綠色空間計畫做參考。

關鍵字

社區連結 ； 社區菜園 ； 都市可食性空間 ； 都市可食性景觀

並列摘要

The concept of people-place relationships has been widely discussed in various academic fields of study, including landscape, environmental psychology and geography. Among different scales of people-place relationships, urban communities has been gaining much interest due to urbanization. Community is defined as a place where people live closely together; community attachment implies the emotional bonding between people and community (Trentelman, 2009). Extensive literature exists regarding both factors and benefits of community attachment. For example, a longer length of residence in the communities is associated with stronger community attachment (Kasarda, 1974). Community attachment is of upmost importance to social development since it brings the society stability, safety and social familiarity.

To date, urban greenery has been gaining much attention, much temporary open space in the city are transformed in to urban edible space, and community gardens are a popular choice. Researchers have discovered functions and benefits of community gardens, including revitalizing urban environment, improving community attachment, promoting community interaction and boosting ecological sustainability. A considerable amount of researches focus on influences of community gardens on community attachment of participants, few examined such effects on non-participants. In order to use of the already limited open space in the urban area wisely, exploring effects of community gardens on community attachment to different groups of residents is needed.

Recently, Taipei City has launched a Garden City Project in response to white paper proposed by current Mayor Wen-je Ko. It is hoped to transform Taipei into a greener livable city. It is expected that more and more urban edible space will created, and the number of community gardens will increase. In view of this, it is critical to further understand functions and benefits of communities, as well as its
influences on community attachment towards non-participants.

The purpose of this research is to examine influences of community gardens to community attachment in the urban context. Three community gardens in Taipei City are chosen as survey locations; on-site questionnaire survey and exploratory qualitative interview survey are conducted. The results show that, regardless of groups of residents (active participants, passive participants or non-participants), setting of community gardens would reinforce their community attachment respectively. Overall, community gardens are accepted in three locations. Since community gardens are intended to be built on temporary land use, it is suggested that further researches may focus on changes of community attachment.

並列關鍵字

Community attachment ； Community gardens ； Urban edible landscape ； Urban edible space

參考文獻

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