以格林鈉反應合成全共軛雙嵌段共聚高分子PPP-P3HT及與碳六十衍生物PCBM/ICBA混摻研究：混摻型態、光電性質與太陽能電池元件應用之探討

Synthesis of All-Conjugated Block Copolymers PPP-P3HT by Using Grignard Metathesis and Study of Copolymer Blending with C60 Derivatives PCBM/ICBA: Hybrid Morphology, Optoelectronic Property and Solar Cell Application

高國璋(Kuo-Chang Kau)

指導教授 ： 戴子安

國立臺灣大學/工學院/化學工程學研究所/碩士(2011年)

https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2011.02752

摘要

含有共軛鏈段之團聯共聚高分子由於本身具備的自組裝特性可進而有效藉由結構上的改變來調控其機械與光電特性，因而逐漸受到各界廣泛的注意。因此，瞭解此類含有共軛鏈段之團聯共聚高分子其自組裝特性以利後續的應用發展乃是相當重要的一環。然而目前在此研究課題上仍有許多未知的現象有待探索。在本論文中提到利用格林納聚合法一系列的PPP-P3HT雙共軛團聯共聚高分子已被成功的合成出來，並同時固定PPP練段長度進而改變P3HT分子量,一系列高分子與單體經NMR與GPC鑑定。
將高分子與碳六十衍生物PCBM/ICBA在不同溶劑下可得到不同的形態與光學性質，並經由各式儀器逕行分析，像是UV-Vis光譜，PL光譜，及XRD，TEM等等。藉由高分子PPP-P3HT之自組裝，可有效分散PCBM，同時ICBA的分散性也比PCBM好。此外，可利用選擇溶劑和製成方法的不同而改變PCBM分布之區域在PPP或是P3HT中，而ICBA在block copolymers的光電轉換效率可達2%，然而我們亦注意到團聯共聚合物混摻PCBM奈米有機物後對於發光有一quench效果，主因是由於高分子受到光激發後電子與電洞經由PPP-P3HT/PCBM混成系統的能階傳導造成之電荷分離效應所致。最後在太陽能元件效率上已可達到3.5%，因此在未來的應用上具有非常大的潛力。

關鍵字

格林那反應 ； 碳六十衍生物PCBM ； ICBA ； 高分子太陽能電池 ； 導電高分子

並列摘要

In this study, all-conjugated rod-rod poly(2,5-dihexyloxy-p-phenylene)- b-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PPP-P3HT) block copolymers with different block ratio between PPP and P3HT were synthesized and their self-assembly behavior was investigated. A series of monodisperse PPP-P3HT block copolymers consisting of a nearly constant molecular weight PPP block and a different molecular weight P3HT block was synthesized via a sequential Grignard metathesis method (GRIM). Gel permeation chromatographer, NMR spectra and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the block copolymers.
The blending system of PPP-P3HT and PCBM/ICBA was made using different solvents such as dichlorobenzene and toluene followed by drop-casting/spin-coating the resulting solutions for the fabrication of PPP-P3HT/PCBM or PPP-P3HT/ICBA thin films. These systems afford different properties, such as morphology and optical properties. In addition, the morphology, thermal and optoelectronic properties of the blending system were studied by using FTIR, UV-VIS, XRD, photoluminescence spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We find that the aggregation of polymer blending PCBM can be dispersed by the self-assembly of PPP-P3HT and the dispersion of PPP-P3HT/ICBA is better than the PPP-P3HT/PCBM in ODCB solvent. Besides, The existence domain of PCBM in PPP or P3HT can be controlled by the used solvents and fabrication in the blending system of PPP-P3HT and PCBM. the Incident Photon Conversion Efficiency in the PPP-P3HT block copolymers blending with ICBA can be performed up to 2.0%, and the solar cell performance of PPP-P3HT/PCBM films was investigated. The best efficiency is 3.50%.

並列關鍵字

Grignard Metathesis ； PCBM ； ICBA ； Polymer Solar Cell ； conducting polymers

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