矛盾階級位階的勞動-以「醫學研究專業僱員」為例

THE LABOR OF CONTRADICTORY LOCATIONS-THE CASE OF "MEDICAL RESEARCH EMPLOYEES"

蔡若梅(Jo-Mei Tsai)

指導教授 ： 潘美玲

元智大學/資訊學院/資訊社會學研究所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

中文摘要

本研究以北部某學術機構的醫學研究僱員為對象，主要目的在探討影響社會階級相同的醫學研究僱員階級認同差異的因素，並分析其勞動生產關係的型態與現象。
研究採用問卷與深度訪談的方式進行，以馬克思「存在決定意識」與Wright「社會資產」的觀點分析影響階級認同的相關因素。以Wright矛盾階級位階的論點，探討專業技術人員因階級位置矛盾的特性而產生多元化生產關係的現象，並分析不同階級位置者勞動異化的程度。
研究結果發現：醫學研究僱員以認同「自主性受僱者」居多，其次「勞工階級」。迴歸分析結果顯示：對階級認同最具解釋力的變項是生產活動中的「社會關係」（主要是「與老闆的關係」）；其次是「工作年資」、「教育程度(年數)」。其中以認同「自主性受僱者」的社會關係較「勞工階級」佳；「勞工階級」工作年資較「自主性受僱者」長；「自主性受僱者」教育程度較「勞工階級」高。在生產關係型態方面，醫學研究勞動存在勞僱(聘僱)、師徒與朋友等多元性的生產關係，認同「自主性受僱者」傾向「師徒或朋友」；「勞工階級」傾向「聘僱(勞僱)」的生產關係。不同階級位置者勞動異化的程度也不一樣，「自主性受僱者」勞動異化程度低於「勞工階級」。

關鍵字：階級認同、社會關係、社會資產、矛盾階級位階、生產關係、異化

關鍵字

階級認同 ； 社會關係 ； 社會資產 ； 矛盾階級位階 ； 生產關係 ； 異化

並列摘要

ABSTRACT
This study was to explore the question why people in the same class has different class identification? The research objects are medical research employees (professionals engaging in medical research works) from one educational institution in northern Taiwan.
The survey was carried out through the analysis of a series of questionnaires and in-depth interviews with employees. Phenomena among contradiction due to multiple relationships upon production and alientation towards their work production were investigated, following the thoughts from Marx on Ontology that “Human Beings deciding class consciousness” and Wright on “social assets”.
Results showed that medical research employees identified their class more as Autonomous Employees, followed by Proletariats. The social relationship (especially the relationship with his/her supervisor in a research laboratory), work experiences (in years) and educations (also in years) were found significantly related to class identification by regression analyses. The autonomous employees were better in social relationship than proletariats. The proletariats had longer work years than autonomous employees. On the other hand, the autonomous employees had higher educations than proletariats. There were at least three patterns in relationship found (employer-employee, mentoring and friends) among the work of medical research. The autonomous employees followed a more mentoring-like relationship with their supervisors at work, while the proletariats were more employer-employee-like. The autonomous employees had a lower alientation observed than proletariats.

Key words: class identification, social relationship, social assets, contradictory locations, production relationship, alienation

並列關鍵字

class identification ； social relationship ； social assets ； contradictory locations ； production relationship ； alienation