諮商與社工專業的合作處遇對諮商社工人工作效能之初探研究

本研究旨在於探討諮商社工人在諮商與社工專業的合作處遇之運用與工作效能間的關係，研究工具為諮商與社工專業的合作處遇對諮商社工人工作效能之調查問卷，以全台灣曾有諮商訓練或背景之社會工作者（研究者定義為「諮商社工人」）為研究樣本，採用叢集取樣及滾雪球方式進行問卷調查，以網路問卷調查為主，完成填答提交之237份問卷，扣除拒答或隨意選答等之無效問卷後，有效問卷共233份。針對樣本進行描述性統計分析、獨立樣本t檢定、卡方之百分比同質性考驗、單因子變異數分析、Pearson積差相關以及二因子變異數分析等。本研究結果：透過t檢定、單因子變異數分析，以及Pearson積差相關分析，結果顯示諮商社工人傾向中高度運用「諮商與社工專業合作處遇模式」；諮商社工人能多運用「諮商與社工專業合作處遇模式」，則能獲得較高的「工作效能」；不同個人基本背景與學習諮商經驗背景間的顯著差異不大；不同年資之諮商社工人在運用「諮商與社工專業合作處遇模式」上有顯著差異；不同年紀與年資在運用「焦點解決短期心理治療的願景與正向期待」有顯著差異；不同教育程度之諮商社工人在運用「Adler的自卑、自卑的超越與過度補償」有顯著差異；不同服務領域的諮商社工人在運用「系統理論」上有顯著差異；不同個人背景與不同學習諮商經驗背景之諮商社工人在「諮商與社工專業合作處遇模式」之運用在整體上並沒有呈現顯著差異。根據研究成果，提出以下結論與建議：一、實務工作建議（一）社會工作學校教育部分： 1.大專院校之社會工作教育應重視諮商心理的訓練課程。 2.重視大學社會工作教育中之諮商輔導的課程內涵與專業師資。（二）社會工作實務領域部分： 1.重新省思社會工作外聘督導及諮商相關訓練之機制內涵。 2.持續提供第一線社會工作者在諮商與社工專業合作處遇之在職訓練。二、未來研究建議（一）對諮商與社工專業合作處遇之概念進行更嚴謹的研究設計。（二）建議有諮商專業訓練背景之社會工作者進行諮商與社工專業合作概念之研究，以發展更適切之合作處遇模式及督導方向。

關鍵字

諮商社工人；諮商與社工專業合作處遇；工作效能；跨系統合作

並列摘要

The study focused on the cooperative treatment interventions applied by counseling social worker. A total of 233 Internet questionnaires were given to counseling social worker. Cluster Sampling and Snowball Sampling were utilized to collect the internet questionnaires. And, the study was analyzed by using descriptive statistics、t test、chi-square test、one way ANOVA、Pearson correlation and two way ANOVA。 The study indicated that social work counselors have a high tendency to use the cooperative treatment interventions. And, the social work counselors who have used the cooperative treatment interventions can gain higher counseling treatment outcomes. The study also showed: When applying “Cooperative Treatment Interventions of Counseling and Social Work”, there was no distinctive difference between individual cultural backgrounds and counseling learning experiences; But, there were distinctive differences on years of working experiences of the social work counselors; When applying “Solution Focused Brief Therapy of vision and positive expectations”, there were distinctive difference on the ages and years of working experiences of the counseling social worker. When applying” Adlerian theory: sense of inferiority、sense of inferiority transcendence and overcompensation”, there were distinctive differences on the levels of education of the social work counselors. When applying“Systems Theory”, there were distinctive differences on speciality areas of the counseling social worker. Conclusions and Suggestions of The Study: (1) In the aspect of school education for counseling social worker, it should focus on more counseling skills and trainings. Also, there should be a great emphasis on counseling curriculums and on hiring qualified professionals when training counseling social worker. (2) In the aspect of counseling social worker when doing field work, it’s suggested that counseling social worker should be supervised by supervisors who are not working at the same organization/institution. As well as to receive continuing job trainings that focus on “Cooperative Treatment Interventions of Counseling and Social Work”. Suggestions for Future Study: (1) To design more comprehensive research studies to explore the concept of Cooperative Treatment Interventions of Counseling and Social Work. (2) To encourage the counseling social worker who have training backgrounds of “Cooperative Treatment Interventions of Counseling and Social work” to design research studies, and to develop a more well-rounded treatment plan and appropriate supervision models.