臺灣與新加坡老年經濟安全制度之比較研究-以社會救助為例

綜觀當今社會的情形，人口老化的問題越趨嚴重，而人口老化問題不僅造成國家勞動力人口減少，亦會造成國家扶養等眾多問題，老年人平均壽命的增長，使其退休後之生活餘命亦增加，導致以往的退休金制度與年金制度開始不敷使用時，老年貧窮問題隨之產生，而台灣與新加坡皆面臨全球人口老齡化的國家之一，其對老年經濟安全保障在近年來兩國也越趨重視。本文將針對臺灣與新加坡之老年經濟安全制度中的社會救助做一詳細研究，從兩國在社會救助制度政策沿革與內容做為研究範圍，希望藉以比較臺灣與新加坡之社會救助制度，以了解當兩國老年經濟安全制度體系中的社會救助政策，並從中比較其政策制度之異同，希望可得到更為深層的政策意義。因此，在本研究中發現，臺灣與新加坡之老年經濟安全制度中的社會救助範圍雖涵蓋兩國之全體國民，但內容與體制上卻大不相同，為了使臺灣與新加坡之老人經濟安全更有保障，並在兩國社會救助的發展沿革與施行內容研究中發現，兩國制度發展沿革的相異處及發展過程與施行內容的不同，和兩國政治、經濟與社會有著很大的關係。

關鍵字

老年經濟安全；中央公積金；社會救助；新加坡

並列摘要

In the present society, the problem of ageing population is getting serious. The ageing problem not only reduces the labor population but also causes the raising problem of countries. The increase of the life of elders leads to the shortage of the old elders’ retirement pension. The problem of poor elders has became more serious in these days. Taiwan and Singapore are two of the countries facing aging problem. Both of the two countries have paid more attention to the elders’ecnomic safety quarantee. The present study analyzes the social support of the elders’ ecnomic safety system in Taiwan and Singapore. This study focuses on the history and content of the social support of the two countries, trying to compare the two countries’ social support system to understand the elders’ ecnomic safety system of them. By so doing, this study can compare the differences and similaritiesof the policies of the two cpuuntries to get the deeper meanings of national policies. The findings of the present study indicate that the elders’ ecnomic safety systems of both Taiwan and Singapore contain all the citizens in their countries. However, the content and system of the two countries are different. In order to insure the elders’ ecnomic safety, this study finds that the history and content of both of the countries are revelant to their politics ecnology, and society.