Recurrent erythema multiforme is a vesiculo-bullous disease of the skin or mucous membrane. The cause of recurrent erythema multiforme is still unknown, but it often appears to be a hypersensitivity reaction to one of foreign antigens. The well-documented precipitating factors are recurrent herpes simplex viral infections. The lesions of the oral mucosa were extremely painful and many patients were unable to eat or drink and some became debilitated. Acyclovir is the first choice of treatment. However, some patients are refractory to this treatment. If this treatment is ineffective, a trial of other treatment regimens may be needed. Other treatment modalities, such as antimalarials, antibiotics, systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressant have been reported. The purpose of this paper is to describe a case of recurrent erythema multiforme and to review the literature about its development of definition and classification, clinical manifestation, etiology and treatment methods.